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Sugarcane Plant Growth and Physiological Responses to Soil Salinity during Tillering and Stalk Elongation

Author

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  • Duli Zhao

    (USDA-ARS, Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL 33438, USA)

  • Kai Zhu

    (USDA-ARS, Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL 33438, USA
    College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China)

  • Aliya Momotaz

    (USDA-ARS, Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL 33438, USA)

  • Xinxin Gao

    (Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan 661699, Yunnan, China)

Abstract

A pot study was conducted to investigate influences of salinity on sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.) plant growth, leaf photosynthesis, and other physiological traits during tillering and stalk elongation. Treatments included two commercial sugarcane cultivars (Canal Point (CP) 96-1252 and CP 00-1101) and an Erianthus with five different soil salt concentrations (0 [Control], 38, 75, 150, and 300 mM of NaCl added). Growth (tillers, plant height, and nodes) and physiological (leaf net photosynthetic rate [Pn], stomatal conductance [g s ], intercellular CO 2 concentration, and leaf water soluble sugar concentrations) characters were determined during the experiment. Responses of sugarcane growth, photosynthesis, and photoassimilate translocation to salinity depended on soil salt concentration. Plant height was the most sensitive while the number of nodes was the most tolerant to soil salinity among the three growth traits measured. CP 96-1252 differed from CP 00-1101 significantly in response of shoot:root ratio to high salt concentration. Leaf Pn of plants treated with the 38 mM salt did not differ from that of the control plant, but plants treated with the 75, 150, and 300 mM salt had 12.7, 18.7, and 35.3% lower leaf Pn, respectively, than the control. The low leaf Pn due to salinity was associated with not only the decrease in g s, but also the non-stomatal factors. Results of leaf sugar composition and concentrations revealed that high salt concentration also depressed photoassimilate translocation from leaves to other plant tissues. These findings are important for better understanding of some physiological mechanisms of salinity influence on sugarcane growth and yields.

Suggested Citation

  • Duli Zhao & Kai Zhu & Aliya Momotaz & Xinxin Gao, 2020. "Sugarcane Plant Growth and Physiological Responses to Soil Salinity during Tillering and Stalk Elongation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:12:p:608-:d:458499
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Md. Tahjib-UI-Arif & Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag & Sonya Afrin & Kazi Khayrul Bashar & Tania Afrin & A.G.M. Sofi Uddin Mahamud & Mohammed Arif Sadik Polash & Md. Tahmeed Hossain & Md. Abu Taher Sohel & Ma, 2019. "Differential Response of Sugar Beet to Long-Term Mild to Severe Salinity in a Soil–Pot Culture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Marco Brenes & Jason Pérez & Sara González-Orenga & Andrea Solana & Monica Boscaiu & Jaime Prohens & Mariola Plazas & Ana Fita & Oscar Vicente, 2020. "Comparative Studies on the Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Salt Stress of Eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) and Its Rootstock S. torvum," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Wiedenfeld, Bob, 2008. "Effects of irrigation water salinity and electrostatic water treatment for sugarcane production," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 85-88, January.
    4. Bernstein, Leon, 1964. "Salt Tolerance of Plants," Agricultural Information Bulletins 308955, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    1. Asghar, Sobia & Tsusaka, Takuji W. & Jourdain, Damien & Saqib, Shahab E. & Sasaki, Nophea, 2022. "Assessing the efficiency of smallholder sugarcane production: The case of Faisalabad, Pakistan," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    2. Pooja Dhansu & Ravinder Kumar & Ashwani Kumar & Krishnapriya Vengavasi & Arun K. Raja & Srinivasavedantham Vasantha & Mintu Ram Meena & Neeraj Kulshreshtha & Shashi K. Pandey, 2022. "Differential Physiological Traits, Ion Homeostasis and Cane Yield of Sub-Tropical Sugarcane Varieties in Response to Long-Term Salinity Stress," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-15, October.

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