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Soil Quality Characteristics as Affected by Continuous Rice Cultivation and Changes in Cropping Systems in South China

Author

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  • Xiangning Ren

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation, Guangzhou 510642, China
    South China Academy of Natural Resources Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510610, China)

  • Feixiang Chen

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation, Guangzhou 510642, China
    South China Academy of Natural Resources Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510610, China)

  • Tao Ma

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation, Guangzhou 510642, China)

  • Yueming Hu

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation, Guangzhou 510642, China
    South China Academy of Natural Resources Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510610, China
    State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

Abstract

This study was conducted to elucidate how changes in critical soil quality characteristics relate to continuous rice cultivation and changes in cropping systems and fertilization in South China over the time span 1980 to 2017. Soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK) were determined for the samples taken in 2017 and compared to results from the paired samples collected in 1980 by grouping all samples into four cropping systems: continuous paddy fields, new paddy fields developed from uplands, continuous uplands, and new uplands developed from paddy soils. The results show a significant increase in soil pH, AP and AK in all cropping systems, which was, however, coupled with low fertilizer use efficiency. Additionally, a significant increase in SOM came with new paddy soils, whereas a little SOM accumulation and a significantly weakened correlation of TN to SOM occurred in continuous paddy soils. Both low fertilizer use efficiency and deteriorated soil C sequestration function imply a sub-health status of continuous paddy soils. The changes in cropping systems and fertilization, which essentially resulted from expeditious economic growth, should be responsible for the dynamics of C and N and the consequences to soil quality. More experimental studies on balanced fertilization vs. local commonly used fertilization are suggested to probe the mechanisms underlying the C and N dynamics in paddy soils.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangning Ren & Feixiang Chen & Tao Ma & Yueming Hu, 2020. "Soil Quality Characteristics as Affected by Continuous Rice Cultivation and Changes in Cropping Systems in South China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:10:p:443-:d:421758
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johannes Lehmann & Markus Kleber, 2015. "The contentious nature of soil organic matter," Nature, Nature, vol. 528(7580), pages 60-68, December.
    2. Xuejun Liu & Ying Zhang & Wenxuan Han & Aohan Tang & Jianlin Shen & Zhenling Cui & Peter Vitousek & Jan Willem Erisman & Keith Goulding & Peter Christie & Andreas Fangmeier & Fusuo Zhang, 2013. "Enhanced nitrogen deposition over China," Nature, Nature, vol. 494(7438), pages 459-462, February.
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    1. Panneerselvam Peramaiyan & Peter Craufurd & Virender Kumar & Lavanya P. Seelan & Andrew J. McDonald & Balwinder-Singh & Avinash Kishore & Sudhanshu Singh, 2022. "Agronomic Biofortification of Zinc in Rice for Diminishing Malnutrition in South Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Jiang Zhu & Xiang Li & Huiming Huang & Xiangdong Yin & Jiangchun Yao & Tao Liu & Jiexuan Wu & Zhangcheng Chen, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of Carbon Emissions According to Major Function-Oriented Zones: A Case Study of Guangdong Province, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-20, January.

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