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Does the EU cause domestic developments? The problem of case selection in Europeanization research

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  • Haverland, Markus

Abstract

Europeanization research has evolved into a promising research programme and has benefited from its increasing linkages with general theories of the social sciences. The paper starts from the assumption that the research programme would also benefit from a greater awareness of social science methodology. The paper focuses on the problem of case selection. Most Europeanization studies are designed in ways that the independent variables in which Europeanization research should be most interested EU regulations, incentives or models does not vary. Control cases are lacking. Therefore it is difficult, and some would even argue impossible, to demonstrate that the EU has been causally important for domestic developments. The paper explores two strategies to establish variation in the independent variable: counterfactual reasoning and comparing EU member states with non-members or, if research is restricted to EU countries, cases where the source of an EU effect is present with cases where the source of an EU effect is absent. Although neither of these strategies is a panacea for the problem of causality, their careful application will help to get better answers to the question of whether the EU makes a difference.

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  • Haverland, Markus, 2005. "Does the EU cause domestic developments? The problem of case selection in Europeanization research," European Integration online Papers (EIoP), European Community Studies Association Austria (ECSA-A), vol. 9, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:erp:eiopxx:p0128
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    1. Kohler-Koch, Beate, 2002. "European Networks and Ideas: Changing National Policies?," European Integration online Papers (EIoP), European Community Studies Association Austria (ECSA-A), vol. 6, April.
    2. Radealli, Claudio M., 2000. "Whither Europeanization? Concept stretching and substantive change," European Integration online Papers (EIoP), European Community Studies Association Austria (ECSA-A), vol. 4, July.
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    3. Sascha Zirra, 2010. "The Bounded Creativity of Domestic Appropriation Explaining Selective Flexicurity in Continental Countries," Les Cahiers européens de Sciences Po 2, Centre d'études européennes (CEE) at Sciences Po, Paris.
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    5. Annette Elisabeth Töller, 2010. "Measuring and Comparing the Europeanization of National Legislation: A Research Note," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(2), pages 417-444, March.
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