IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/trapol/v50y2016icp63-77.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Perspectives of electric mobility: Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles in Germany

Author

Listed:
  • Bubeck, Steffen
  • Tomaschek, Jan
  • Fahl, Ulrich

Abstract

The transport sector is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide as well as in Germany and is therefore able to contribute significantly to the achievement of climate protection goals. With this in mind and the steadily increasing electricity generation from renewable energy sources in Germany, electrically driven vehicles can be an attractive option to reach the climate targets of the EU and the German government. The target of the German government to have at least one million electric vehicles registered by 2020 seems currently far from realisation. For this reason, this article analyses the total cost of ownership (TCO) of electric passenger vehicles in Germany on a component-based approach and gives an estimation about the further development until 2050. To represent the German market, we investigate different vehicle sizes, user types and drive technologies. Furthermore, we show the CO2 abatement potential offered by different types of electric vehicles. Finally, we analyse buyer's premiums as an incentive to accelerate the uptake of electric vehicles on German roads.

Suggested Citation

  • Bubeck, Steffen & Tomaschek, Jan & Fahl, Ulrich, 2016. "Perspectives of electric mobility: Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles in Germany," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 63-77.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:50:y:2016:i:c:p:63-77
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.05.012
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X16302839
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.05.012?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tseng, Hui-Kuan & Wu, Jy S. & Liu, Xiaoshuai, 2013. "Affordability of electric vehicles for a sustainable transport system: An economic and environmental analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 441-447.
    2. Wang, Junye, 2015. "Barriers of scaling-up fuel cells: Cost, durability and reliability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 509-521.
    3. Al-Alawi, Baha M. & Bradley, Thomas H., 2013. "Total cost of ownership, payback, and consumer preference modeling of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 488-506.
    4. Özdemir, Enver Doruk & Härdtlein, Marlies & Eltrop, Ludger, 2009. "Land substitution effects of biofuel side products and implications on the land area requirement for EU 2020 biofuel targets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 2986-2996, August.
    5. Uwe Kunert & Sabine Radke, 2011. "Kraftfahrzeugverkehr 2010: weiteres Wachstum und hohe Bedeutung von Firmenwagen," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 78(48), pages 15-25.
    6. Offer, G.J. & Contestabile, M. & Howey, D.A. & Clague, R. & Brandon, N.P., 2011. "Techno-economic and behavioural analysis of battery electric, hydrogen fuel cell and hybrid vehicles in a future sustainable road transport system in the UK," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 1939-1950, April.
    7. Gilmore, Elisabeth A. & Lave, Lester B., 2013. "Comparing resale prices and total cost of ownership for gasoline, hybrid and diesel passenger cars and trucks," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 200-208.
    8. Bishop, Justin D.K. & Martin, Niall P.D. & Boies, Adam M., 2014. "Cost-effectiveness of alternative powertrains for reduced energy use and CO2 emissions in passenger vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 44-61.
    9. Redelbach, Martin & Özdemir, Enver Doruk & Friedrich, Horst E., 2014. "Optimizing battery sizes of plug-in hybrid and extended range electric vehicles for different user types," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 158-168.
    10. Thiel, Christian & Perujo, Adolfo & Mercier, Arnaud, 2010. "Cost and CO2 aspects of future vehicle options in Europe under new energy policy scenarios," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(11), pages 7142-7151, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wu, Geng & Inderbitzin, Alessandro & Bening, Catharina, 2015. "Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles compared to conventional vehicles: A probabilistic analysis and projection across market segments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 196-214.
    2. Palmer, Kate & Tate, James E. & Wadud, Zia & Nellthorp, John, 2018. "Total cost of ownership and market share for hybrid and electric vehicles in the UK, US and Japan," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 108-119.
    3. Björnsson, Lars-Henrik & Karlsson, Sten, 2015. "Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: How individual movement patterns affect battery requirements, the potential to replace conventional fuels, and economic viability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 336-347.
    4. Breetz, Hanna L. & Salon, Deborah, 2018. "Do electric vehicles need subsidies? Ownership costs for conventional, hybrid, and electric vehicles in 14 U.S. cities," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 238-249.
    5. González Palencia, Juan C. & Furubayashi, Takaaki & Nakata, Toshihiko, 2014. "Techno-economic assessment of lightweight and zero emission vehicles deployment in the passenger car fleet of developing countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 129-142.
    6. Makena Coffman & Paul Bernstein & Sherilyn Wee, 2017. "Electric vehicles revisited: a review of factors that affect adoption," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(1), pages 79-93, January.
    7. Wee, Sherilyn & Coffman, Makena & Allen, Scott, 2020. "EV driver characteristics: Evidence from Hawaii," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 33-40.
    8. Coffman, Makena & Bernstein, Paul & Wee, Sherilyn, 2017. "Integrating electric vehicles and residential solar PV," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 30-38.
    9. Makena Coffman & Scott Allen & Sherilyn Wee, 2018. "Who are Driving Electric Vehicles? An analysis of factors that affect EV adoption in Hawaii," Working Papers 2018-3, University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization, University of Hawaii at Manoa.
    10. Zirogiannis, Nikolaos & Duncan, Denvil & Carley, Sanya & Siddiki, Saba & Graham, John D., 2019. "The effect of CAFE standards on vehicle sales projections: A Total Cost of Ownership approach," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 70-87.
    11. Rusich, Andrea & Danielis, Romeo, 2015. "Total cost of ownership, social lifecycle cost and energy consumption of various automotive technologies in Italy," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 3-16.
    12. Thiel, Christian & Nijs, Wouter & Simoes, Sofia & Schmidt, Johannes & van Zyl, Arnold & Schmid, Erwin, 2016. "The impact of the EU car CO2 regulation on the energy system and the role of electro-mobility to achieve transport decarbonisation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 153-166.
    13. Saccani, Nicola & Perona, Marco & Bacchetti, Andrea, 2017. "The total cost of ownership of durable consumer goods: A conceptual model and an empirical application," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 183(PA), pages 1-13.
    14. Yanfei Li & Robert Kochhan, 2017. "Policies And Business Models For The Electric Mobility Revolution: The Case Study On Singapore," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 62(05), pages 1195-1222, December.
    15. Ranjit R. Desai & Eric Hittinger & Eric Williams, 2022. "Interaction of Consumer Heterogeneity and Technological Progress in the US Electric Vehicle Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-25, June.
    16. Moon, Saedaseul & Lee, Deok-Joo, 2019. "An optimal electric vehicle investment model for consumers using total cost of ownership: A real option approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    17. Newbery, David & Strbac, Goran, 2016. "What is needed for battery electric vehicles to become socially cost competitive?," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 5(C), pages 1-11.
    18. Danielis, Romeo & Giansoldati, Marco & Scorrano, Mariangela, 2019. "Consumer- and society-oriented cost of ownership of electric and conventional cars in Italy," Working Papers 19_3, SIET Società Italiana di Economia dei Trasporti e della Logistica.
    19. Noll, Bessie & del Val, Santiago & Schmidt, Tobias S. & Steffen, Bjarne, 2022. "Analyzing the competitiveness of low-carbon drive-technologies in road-freight: A total cost of ownership analysis in Europe," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
    20. Siskos, Pelopidas & Capros, Pantelis & De Vita, Alessia, 2015. "CO2 and energy efficiency car standards in the EU in the context of a decarbonisation strategy: A model-based policy assessment," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 22-34.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:50:y:2016:i:c:p:63-77. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/30473/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.