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Movement patterns, social dynamics, and the evolution of cooperation

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  • Smaldino, Paul E.
  • Schank, Jeffrey C.

Abstract

The structure of social interactions influences many aspects of social life, including the spread of information and behavior, and the evolution of social phenotypes. After dispersal, organisms move around throughout their lives, and the patterns of their movement influence their social encounters over the course of their lifespan. Though both space and mobility are known to influence social evolution, there is little analysis of the influence of specific movement patterns on evolutionary dynamics. We explored the effects of random movement strategies on the evolution of cooperation using an agent-based prisoner’s dilemma model with mobile agents. This is the first systematic analysis of a model in which cooperators and defectors can use different random movement strategies, which we chose to fall on a spectrum between highly exploratory and highly restricted in their search tendencies. Because limited dispersal and restrictions to local neighborhood size are known to influence the ability of cooperators to effectively assort, we also assessed the robustness of our findings with respect to dispersal and local capacity constraints. We show that differences in patterns of movement can dramatically influence the likelihood of cooperator success, and that the effects of different movement patterns are sensitive to environmental assumptions about offspring dispersal and local space constraints. Since local interactions implicitly generate dynamic social interaction networks, we also measured the average number of unique and total interactions over a lifetime and considered how these emergent network dynamics helped explain the results. This work extends what is known about mobility and the evolution of cooperation, and also has general implications for social models with randomly moving agents.

Suggested Citation

  • Smaldino, Paul E. & Schank, Jeffrey C., 2012. "Movement patterns, social dynamics, and the evolution of cooperation," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 48-58.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:thpobi:v:82:y:2012:i:1:p:48-58
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2012.03.004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Tim Johnson & Oleg Smirnov, 2020. "Temporal assortment of cooperators in the spatial prisoner's dilemma," Papers 2011.14440, arXiv.org.
    2. Pérez, Irene & Janssen, Marco A., 2015. "The effect of spatial heterogeneity and mobility on the performance of social–ecological systems," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 296(C), pages 1-11.
    3. Mike Farjam & Marco Faillo & Ida Sprinkhuizen-Kuyper & Pim Haselager, 2015. "Punishment Mechanisms and Their Effect on Cooperation: A Simulation Study," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 18(1), pages 1-5.
    4. Matthieu Barbier & James R Watson, 2016. "The Spatial Dynamics of Predators and the Benefits and Costs of Sharing Information," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-22, October.
    5. Li, Yan & Ye, Hang, 2018. "Effect of the migration mechanism based on risk preference on the evolution of cooperation," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 320(C), pages 621-632.
    6. Premo, L.S. & Brown, Justin R., 2019. "The opportunity cost of walking away in the spatial iterated prisoner’s dilemma," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 40-48.
    7. Tekwa, Edward W. & Gonzalez, Andrew & Loreau, Michel, 2019. "Spatial evolutionary dynamics produce a negative cooperation–population size relationship," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 94-101.
    8. Smaldino, Paul E., 2013. "Cooperation in harsh environments and the emergence of spatial patterns," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 6-12.

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