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From science to commerce: the evolution of space development policy and technology accumulation in India

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  • Baskaran, Angathevar

Abstract

By judiciously combining internal and external knowledge acquired since the early 1960s, India has been able to build one of the strongest national space programmes in the world. Space development policy and technology accumulation in India appear to have evolved in different phases. In the 1960s the space programme was mainly science-oriented; in the 1970s it progressed to technological experimentation and learning; in the 1980s the emphasis was on achieving ‘threshold’ capabilities in satellite and rocket technologies; and in the 1990s the focus shifted to commercialisation. This article traces India's space programme, which began as a ‘science’ programme in the 1960s, and by the 1990s had evolved into a ‘commercial’ programme.

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  • Baskaran, Angathevar, 2005. "From science to commerce: the evolution of space development policy and technology accumulation in India," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 155-179.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:27:y:2005:i:2:p:155-179
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2005.01.003
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    1. Sanjaya Lall, 1987. "Learning to Industrialize," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-1-349-18798-0, March.
    2. Lundvall, Bengt-Ake & Johnson, Bjorn & Andersen, Esben Sloth & Dalum, Bent, 2002. "National systems of production, innovation and competence building," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 213-231, February.
    3. A Baskaran, 2000. "Duality in national innovation systems: the case of India," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 27(5), pages 367-374, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Altenburg, Tilman & Schmitz, Hubert & Stamm, Andreas, 2008. "Breakthrough China's and India's Transition from Production to Innovation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 325-344, February.
    2. Vertesy, D., 2014. "Successive leadership changes in the regional jet industry," MERIT Working Papers 2014-046, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    3. Sanjay Jain, 2022. "From jugaad to jugalbandi: Understanding the changing nature of Indian innovation," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 1-26, March.
    4. Vértesy, Dániel, 2017. "Preconditions, windows of opportunity and innovation strategies: Successive leadership changes in the regional jet industry," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 388-403.

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