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Modification of the Volunteer Functions Inventory for application in youth sports

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  • Kim, May
  • Zhang, James J.
  • Connaughton, Dan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to modify the Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) to be specifically applicable to assess volunteer motivation in youth sport settings. Based on a comprehensive review of literature, the VFI items were first modified to reflect the context of youth sports. Testing of measurement properties was accomplished through two studies. In Study One, the modified VFI was administered to volunteers (NÂ =Â 515) of a nationwide youth soccer organization. Data were randomly split into two-halves: one for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal-axis extraction and oblique rotation, and the other for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with maximum likelihood estimation. In the EFA, six factors emerged which were consistent with the dimensions of the VFI; however, 12 items were eliminated due to double loading or misspecification, resulting in 18 items being retained. The CFA revealed that the data fit the 6-factor model well. In Study Two, the resolved scale was re-validated through a sample of 262 volunteers of local youth sport leagues. Overall, findings of these two studies suggest that the modified VFI for youth sports is a valid and reliable scale. This scale may be adopted to study various volunteer motivation issues associated with youth sport organizations and events.

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, May & Zhang, James J. & Connaughton, Dan, 2010. "Modification of the Volunteer Functions Inventory for application in youth sports," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 25-38, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:spomar:v:13:y:2010:i:1:p:25-38
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cuskelly, Graham & Boag, Alistair, 2001. "Organisational Commitment as a Predictor of Committee Member Turnover among Volunteer Sport Administrators: Results of a Time-Lagged Study," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 65-86, May.
    2. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    3. Graham Cuskelly & Alistair Boag, 2001. "Organisational Commitment as a Predictor of Committee Member Turnover among Volunteer Sport Administrators: Results of a Time-Lagged Study," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(1), pages 65-86, January.
    4. Henry Kaiser, 1974. "An index of factorial simplicity," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 39(1), pages 31-36, March.
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    1. Jacobien Niebuur & Aart C. Liefbroer & Nardi Steverink & Nynke Smidt, 2019. "Translation and Validation of the Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) among the General Dutch Older Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Niens, Christine & Marggraf, Rainer & Hoffmeister, Friederike, 2015. "Ambulante Pflege im ländlichen Raum – Überlegungen zur effizienten Sicherstellung von Bedarfsgerechtigkeit," Department of Agricultural and Rural Development (DARE) Discussion Papers 260790, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE).
    3. Niens, Christine & Marggraf, Rainer & Hoffmeister, Friederike, 2015. "Ambulante Pflege im ländlichen Raum: Überlegungen zur effizienten Sicherstellung von Bedarfsgerechtigkeit," DARE Discussion Papers 1513, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE).
    4. Wicker, Pamela, 2017. "Volunteerism and volunteer management in sport," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 325-337.
    5. Alexander, Amanda & Kim, Sung-Bum & Kim, Dae-Young, 2015. "Segmenting volunteers by motivation in the 2012 London Olympic Games," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 1-10.
    6. Thomas Giel & Christoph Breuer, 2020. "The determinants of the intention to continue voluntary football refereeing," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(2), pages 242-255, April.
    7. Engelberg, Terry & Skinner, James & Zakus, Dwight H., 2011. "Exploring the relationship between commitment, experience, and self-assessed performance in youth sport organizations," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 117-125, May.
    8. Salvador Angosto & Hyejin Bang & Gonzalo A. Bravo & Arturo Díaz-Suárez & José María López-Gullón, 2021. "Motivations and Future Intentions in Sport Event Volunteering: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-18, November.
    9. Ben Law & Daniel Shek & Cecilia Ma, 2011. "Exploration of the Factorial Structure of the Revised Personal Functions of the Volunteerism Scale for Chinese Adolescents," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 100(3), pages 517-537, February.

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