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The different effects of vertical social capital and horizontal social capital on dental status: A multilevel analysis

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  • Aida, Jun
  • Hanibuchi, Tomoya
  • Nakade, Miyo
  • Hirai, Hiroshi
  • Osaka, Ken
  • Kondo, Katsunori

Abstract

Few studies distinguish between the effects of different forms of social capital on health and of those that do none use physical indicators of health as an outcome variable. The objective of this study was to determine whether vertical and horizontal social capital had different associations with dental status of elderly Japanese. In this cross-sectional study, self-administered questionnaires were mailed to elderly individuals living in 25 Japanese communities in 2003. Data from 5560 respondents (49.9%, 72.9 ± 6.0 years) included information on social capital, numbers of remaining teeth, health behaviors, physical and mental health, and socioeconomic status. Vertical social capital was defined as participating in groups which encouraged hierarchical relations and horizontal social capital as participating in groups of equals. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between social capital and number of remaining teeth ( =20 teeth). The prevalence of people with 19 or less teeth was 70.7%. Univariate analysis showed significant beneficial associations between individual horizontal social capital and number of remaining teeth. After adjusting for individual- and community-level covariates in multilevel analysis, community-level horizontal social capital still showed beneficial association. Compared to respondents living in highest horizontal social capital areas, those living in lowest horizontal social capital areas had a 1.25 times higher odds ratio for having 19 or less teeth. Individual-level horizontal social capital also showed beneficial effects on number of remaining teeth. Community- and individual-level vertical social capital did not show significant associations with dental status. The results suggest that horizontal social capital, not vertical social capital, has beneficial effects on numbers of remaining teeth in older Japanese adults.

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  • Aida, Jun & Hanibuchi, Tomoya & Nakade, Miyo & Hirai, Hiroshi & Osaka, Ken & Kondo, Katsunori, 2009. "The different effects of vertical social capital and horizontal social capital on dental status: A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(4), pages 512-518, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:69:y:2009:i:4:p:512-518
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    1. Phongsavan, Philayrath & Chey, Tien & Bauman, Adrian & Brooks, Robert & Silove, Derrick, 2006. "Social capital, socio-economic status and psychological distress among Australian adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(10), pages 2546-2561, November.
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    2. Hanibuchi, Tomoya & Murata, Yohei & Ichida, Yukinobu & Hirai, Hiroshi & Kawachi, Ichiro & Kondo, Katsunori, 2012. "Place-specific constructs of social capital and their possible associations to health: A Japanese case study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(1), pages 225-232.
    3. Yoshida, Yuto & Hiratsuka, Yoshimune & Kawachi, Ichiro & Murakami, Akira & Kondo, Katsunori & Aida, Jun, 2020. "Association between visual status and social participation in older Japanese: The JAGES cross-sectional study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    4. Jun Aida & Katsunori Kondo & Tatsuo Yamamoto & Masashige Saito & Kanade Ito & Kayo Suzuki & Ken Osaka & Ichiro Kawachi, 2016. "Is Social Network Diversity Associated with Tooth Loss among Older Japanese Adults?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-12, July.
    5. Eiji Yamamura, 2011. "Differences in the effect of social capital on health status between workers and non-workers," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 58(4), pages 385-400, December.
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    7. Kazushige Ide & Seungwon Jeong & Taishi Tsuji & Ryota Watanabe & Yasuhiro Miyaguni & Hirotaka Nakamura & Miyako Kimura & Katsunori Kondo, 2022. "Suggesting Indicators of Age-Friendly City: Social Participation and Happiness, an Ecological Study from the JAGES," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-12, April.
    8. Ryota Watanabe & Katsunori Kondo & Tami Saito & Taishi Tsuji & Takahiro Hayashi & Takaaki Ikeda & Tokunori Takeda, 2019. "Change in Municipality-Level Health-Related Social Capital and Depressive Symptoms: Ecological and 5-Year Repeated Cross-Sectional Study from the JAGES," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-10, June.
    9. Chiyoe Murata & Tetsuji Yamada & Chia-Ching Chen & Toshiyuki Ojima & Hiroshi Hirai & Katsunori Kondo, 2010. "Barriers to Health Care among the Elderly in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-12, March.
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    11. Aida, Jun & Kondo, Katsunori & Kondo, Naoki & Watt, Richard G. & Sheiham, Aubrey & Tsakos, Georgios, 2011. "Income inequality, social capital and self-rated health and dental status in older Japanese," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(10), pages 1561-1568.
    12. Inaba, Yoji & Wada, Yuri & Ichida, Yukinobu & Nishikawa, Masashi, 2015. "Which part of community social capital is related to life satisfaction and self-rated health? A multilevel analysis based on a nationwide mail survey in Japan," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 169-182.
    13. Cooray, Upul & Watt, Richard G. & Tsakos, Georgios & Heilmann, Anja & Hariyama, Masanori & Yamamoto, Takafumi & Kuruppuarachchige, Isuruni & Kondo, Katsunori & Osaka, Ken & Aida, Jun, 2021. "Importance of socioeconomic factors in predicting tooth loss among older adults in Japan: Evidence from a machine learning analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    14. Seung-Sup Kim & Yeonseung Chung & Melissa J Perry & Ichiro Kawachi & S V Subramanian, 2012. "Association between Interpersonal Trust, Reciprocity, and Depression in South Korea: A Prospective Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-8, January.
    15. Ichida, Yukinobu & Hirai, Hiroshi & Kondo, Katsunori & Kawachi, Ichiro & Takeda, Tokunori & Endo, Hideki, 2013. "Does social participation improve self-rated health in the older population? A quasi-experimental intervention study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 83-90.
    16. Seungwon Jeong & Yusuke Inoue & Katsunori Kondo & Kazushige Ide & Yasuhiro Miyaguni & Eisaku Okada & Tokunori Takeda & Toshiyuki Ojima, 2019. "Correlations between Forgetfulness and Social Participation: Community Diagnosing Indicators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-11, July.
    17. Patrick Rouxel & Georgios Tsakos & Panayotes Demakakos & Paola Zaninotto & Tarani Chandola & Richard Geddie Watt, 2015. "Is Social Capital a Determinant of Oral Health among Older Adults? Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(5), pages 1-17, May.
    18. Murayama, Hiroshi & Wakui, Tomoko & Arami, Reiko & Sugawara, Ikuko & Yoshie, Satoru, 2012. "Contextual effect of different components of social capital on health in a suburban city of the greater Tokyo area: A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(12), pages 2472-2480.

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