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Does health-selective migration following diagnosis strengthen the relationship between Type 2 diabetes and deprivation?

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  • Cox, Matthew
  • Boyle, Paul J.
  • Davey, Peter
  • Morris, Andrew

Abstract

Geographical health inequalities have been demonstrated for Type 2 diabetes in many developed countries, with poorer areas tending to have higher rates than wealthier areas. Previous studies have considered diabetes prevalence, relying on cross-sectional data collected from registers or hospital admissions records. However, the environment that had most influence on the development of a person's diabetes may not have been the same environment in which they are identified in a prevalence study. We therefore investigate whether health selective migration confounds the relationship between diabetes and deprivation by following a cohort of Type 2 diabetics from diagnosis until the end of the study, 8-18 years later. Our results demonstrate, first, that there is a significant relationship between material deprivation and diabetes incidence. Secondly, Type 2 diabetics in Tayside, Scotland have become more concentrated in relatively more deprived areas over time, strengthening the relationship between diabetes and material deprivation. Thirdly, and perhaps unexpectedly, this strengthening effect results primarily from selective immobility, rather than selective migration. We conclude that care should be taken when evaluating the relationship between diabetes and deprivation in cross-sectional studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Cox, Matthew & Boyle, Paul J. & Davey, Peter & Morris, Andrew, 2007. "Does health-selective migration following diagnosis strengthen the relationship between Type 2 diabetes and deprivation?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 32-42, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:65:y:2007:i:1:p:32-42
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    1. Norman, Paul & Boyle, Paul & Rees, Philip, 2005. "Selective migration, health and deprivation: a longitudinal analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(12), pages 2755-2771, June.
    2. Boyle, Paul & Norman, Paul & Rees, Philip, 2002. "Does migration exaggerate the relationship between deprivation and limiting long-term illness? A Scottish analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 21-31, July.
    3. Brimblecombe, Nic & Dorling, Danny & Shaw, Mary, 1999. "Mortality and migration in Britain, first results from the British Household Panel Survey," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 49(7), pages 981-988, October.
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    1. Cox, Matthew & Boyle, Paul J. & Davey, Peter G. & Feng, Zhiqiang & Morris, Andrew D., 2007. "Locality deprivation and Type 2 diabetes incidence: A local test of relative inequalities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(9), pages 1953-1964, November.
    2. Lankila, Tiina & Näyhä, Simo & Rautio, Arja & Koiranen, Markku & Rusanen, Jarmo & Taanila, Anja, 2013. "Health and well-being of movers in rural and urban areas – A grid-based analysis of northern Finland birth cohort 1966," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 169-178.
    3. Laraia, Barbara A. & Karter, Andrew J. & Warton, E. Margaret & Schillinger, Dean & Moffet, Howard H. & Adler, Nancy, 2012. "Place matters: Neighborhood deprivation and cardiometabolic risk factors in the Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(7), pages 1082-1090.
    4. Timothy J. Halliday & Michael Kimmitt, 2007. "Selective Migration and Health," Working Papers 200720, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Economics.
    5. Gailey, Samantha, 2022. "Moving to greener pastures: Health selection into neighborhood green space among a highly mobile and diverse population in California," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 315(C).
    6. Wilding, Sam & Martin, David & Moon, Graham, 2016. "The impact of limiting long term illness on internal migration in England and Wales: New evidence from census microdata," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 107-115.
    7. Elizabeth A Richardson & Niamh K Shortt & Richard J Mitchell, 2010. "The Mechanism behind Environmental Inequality in Scotland: Which Came First, the Deprivation or the Landfill?," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 42(1), pages 223-240, January.
    8. Green, Mark A. & Subramanian, S.V. & Vickers, Daniel & Dorling, Danny, 2015. "Internal migration, area effects and health: Does where you move to impact upon your health?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 136, pages 27-34.
    9. Exeter, Daniel J. & Boyle, Paul J. & Norman, Paul, 2011. "Deprivation (im)mobility and cause-specific premature mortality in Scotland," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(3), pages 389-397, February.
    10. Riva, Mylène & Curtis, Sarah & Norman, Paul, 2011. "Residential mobility within England and urban–rural inequalities in mortality," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(12), pages 1698-1706.
    11. Brown, Denise & Leyland, Alastair H., 2010. "Scottish mortality rates 2000-2002 by deprivation and small area population mobility," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(11), pages 1951-1957, December.
    12. Exeter, Daniel John & Rodgers, Sarah & Sabel, Clive Eric, 2014. "“Whose data is it anyway?” The implications of putting small area-level health and social data online," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 114(1), pages 88-96.

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