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Disappearing acts: The social networks of formerly homeless individuals with co-occurring disorders

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  • Hawkins, Robert Leibson
  • Abrams, Courtney

Abstract

Studies of the social lives of men and women living with co-occurring disorders (substance abuse and serious mental illness) suggest that social networks critically influence recovery. In this paper, we examine some of the reasons that the social networks of individuals with co-occurring disorders are small, and the impact of small networks for this population. Using a social capital framework with cross-case analysis, we analyze 72 in-depth qualitative interviews with 39 formerly homeless mentally ill men and women who were substance abusers. All were participants in the New York Services Study (NYSS), a federally funded study of mentally ill adults in New York City. The patterns suggest that networks shrunk because (1) social network members died prematurely, (2) study participants withdrew or pushed others away, and (3) friends and family members faced so many obstacles of their own that they could not provide resources for the study participants. We suggest that as networks diminished, some participants responded by attempting to rebuild their networks, even if the networks provided negative social capital, and others isolated themselves socially to escape the pressures and disappointments of interaction.

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  • Hawkins, Robert Leibson & Abrams, Courtney, 2007. "Disappearing acts: The social networks of formerly homeless individuals with co-occurring disorders," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(10), pages 2031-2042, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:65:y:2007:i:10:p:2031-2042
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    1. Caton, C.L.M. & Shrout, P.E. & Dominguez, B. & Eagle, P.F. & Opler, L.A. & Cournos, F., 1995. "Risk factors for homelessness among women with schizophrenia," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(8), pages 1153-1156.
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    3. Kawachi, I. & Kennedy, B.P. & Lochner, K. & Prothrow-Stith, D., 1997. "Social capital, income inequality, and mortality," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(9), pages 1491-1498.
    4. Tsemberis, S. & Gulcur, L. & Nakae, M., 2004. "Housing First, Consumer Choice, and Harm Reduction for Homeless Individuals with a Dual Diagnosis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(4), pages 651-656.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nick Kerman & John Sylvestre, 2020. "Service use and recovery among currently and formerly homeless adults with mental illness," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(4), pages 389-396, June.
    2. Jonas, Adam B. & Young, April M. & Oser, Carrie B. & Leukefeld, Carl G. & Havens, Jennifer R., 2012. "OxyContin® as currency: OxyContin® use and increased social capital among rural Appalachian drug users," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(10), pages 1602-1609.
    3. Linda Irvine Fitzpatrick & Donald Maciver & Kirsty Forsyth, 2021. "Incite to Practice: Development of a Realist-Informed Program Theory to Support Implementation of Intersectoral Partnerships," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, August.
    4. Franziska Bertram & Fabian Heinrich & Daniela Fröb & Birgit Wulff & Benjamin Ondruschka & Klaus Püschel & Hans-Helmut König & André Hajek, 2021. "Loneliness among Homeless Individuals during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-10, March.
    5. Elizabeth Golembiewski & Dennis P. Watson & Lisa Robison & John W. Coberg II, 2017. "Social Network Decay as Potential Recovery from Homelessness: A Mixed Methods Study in Housing First Programming," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-16, August.
    6. Benjamin Saunders & Julius Sim & Tom Kingstone & Shula Baker & Jackie Waterfield & Bernadette Bartlam & Heather Burroughs & Clare Jinks, 2018. "Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 1893-1907, July.
    7. Benjamin Cornwell, 2015. "Social Disadvantage and Network Turnover," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 70(1), pages 132-142.
    8. EnglandKennedy, Elizabeth Sara & Horton, Sarah, 2011. "“Everything that I thought that they would be, they weren’t:” Family systems as support and impediment to recovery," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(8), pages 1222-1229.
    9. Barbara Straaten & Gerda Rodenburg & Jorien Laan & Sandra N. Boersma & Judith R. L. M. Wolf & Dike Mheen, 2018. "Changes in Social Exclusion Indicators and Psychological Distress Among Homeless People Over a 2.5-Year Period," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 135(1), pages 291-311, January.

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