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Dwellings, crowding, and tuberculosis in Montreal

Author

Listed:
  • Wanyeki, Ian
  • Olson, Sherry
  • Brassard, Paul
  • Menzies, Dick
  • Ross, Nancy
  • Behr, Marcel
  • Schwartzman, Kevin

Abstract

The association of tuberculosis (TB) with poverty has long been recognized, yet it may reflect not only characteristics of poor individuals, but also housing and neighborhood features which promote airborne spread. We sought to determine whether dwelling and building features, residential density and crowding are independently associated with TB occurrence in a low-incidence setting. We used residential addresses to geocode active TB cases reported in Montreal in 1996-2000. These "case dwellings" were linked to the municipal dwelling geodatabase from 2000, and to Canadian census data from 1996. We compared them with randomly selected Montreal dwellings ("controls," in a 1:10 ratio), using the same data sources. From multivariate logistic regression, the 595 case dwellings were more likely than the 5950 control dwellings to be in buildings >5 stories tall (adjusted odds ratios [OR] 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0-2.5), constructed since 1970 (adjusted OR 2.5; 1.8-3.6), in the lowest quartile for resale valuation (adjusted OR 1.3; 1.0-1.6), and on blocks where lot coverage exceeded the median value (adjusted OR 1.3; 1.0-1.6). Case dwellings were also more often found in census tracts with more persons per room, and a higher proportion of inhabitants who had arrived in Canada within the last 5 years. We conclude that dwelling and building features--notably dwellings in taller and new buildings, with lower resale value, and dwellings on blocks with high residential density--as well as crowding, were associated with TB occurrence, after adjustment for sociodemographic factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Wanyeki, Ian & Olson, Sherry & Brassard, Paul & Menzies, Dick & Ross, Nancy & Behr, Marcel & Schwartzman, Kevin, 2006. "Dwellings, crowding, and tuberculosis in Montreal," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(2), pages 501-511, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:63:y:2006:i:2:p:501-511
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Klovdahl, A. S. & Graviss, E. A. & Yaganehdoost, A. & Ross, M. W. & Wanger, A. & Adams, G. J. & Musser, J. M., 2001. "Networks and tuberculosis: an undetected community outbreak involving public places," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 681-694, March.
    2. Elender, Frances & Bentham, Graham & Langford, Ian, 1998. "Tuberculosis mortality in England and Wales during 1982-1992: its association with poverty, ethnicity and AIDS," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 46(6), pages 673-681, March.
    3. Ross, Nancy A. & Tremblay, Stéphane & Graham, Katie, 2004. "Neighbourhood influences on health in Montréal, Canada," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 59(7), pages 1485-1494, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anna Odone & Amelia C Crampin & Venance Mwinuka & Simon Malema & J Nimrod Mwaungulu & Lumbani Munthali & Judith R Glynn, 2013. "Association between Socioeconomic Position and Tuberculosis in a Large Population-Based Study in Rural Malawi," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(10), pages 1-1, October.
    2. Curtis, Marah A. & Corman, Hope & Noonan, Kelly & Reichman, Nancy E., 2010. "Effects of child health on housing in the urban U.S," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(12), pages 2049-2056, December.
    3. Low, Chien-Tat & Lai, Poh-Chin & Tse, Wing-Sze Cindy & Tsui, Chung-Kan & Lee, Herman & Hui, Pak-Kwan, 2013. "Exploring tuberculosis by types of housing development," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 77-83.
    4. Marah A. Curtis & Amanda B. Geller, 2010. "Housing Insecurity among Urban Fathers," Working Papers 1231, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    5. repec:pri:crcwel:wp10-05-ff is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Ruiz-Tagle, Jaime & Urria, Ignacio, 2022. "Household overcrowding trajectories and mental well-being," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    7. Ziersch, Anna & Due, Clemence, 2018. "A mixed methods systematic review of studies examining the relationship between housing and health for people from refugee and asylum seeking backgrounds," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 199-219.

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