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Alcohol outlets, gonorrhea, and the Los Angeles civil unrest: A longitudinal analysis

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  • Cohen, Deborah A.
  • Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie
  • Scribner, Richard
  • Miu, Angela
  • Scott, Molly
  • Robinson, Paul
  • Farley, Thomas A.
  • Bluthenthal, Ricky N.
  • Brown-Taylor, Didra

Abstract

This study tests the effect of neighborhood changes on gonorrhea rates. Prior studies that indicate gonorrhea rates are associated with alcohol outlet density and neighborhood deterioration have been cross-sectional and cannot establish causality. After the 1992 Civil Unrest in Los Angeles, 270 alcohol outlets surrendered their licenses due to arson and vandalism thus providing a natural experiment. We geocoded all reported gonorrhea cases from 1988 to 1996 in LA County, all annually licensed alcohol outlets, and all properties damaged as a result of the civil unrest. We ran individual growth models to examine the independent effects of changes in alcohol outlets and damaged buildings on gonorrhea. The individual growth model explained over 90% of the residual variance in census tract gonorrhea rates. After the civil unrest, a unit decrease in the number of alcohol outlets per mile of roadway was associated with 21 fewer gonorrhea cases per 100,000 (p

Suggested Citation

  • Cohen, Deborah A. & Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie & Scribner, Richard & Miu, Angela & Scott, Molly & Robinson, Paul & Farley, Thomas A. & Bluthenthal, Ricky N. & Brown-Taylor, Didra, 2006. "Alcohol outlets, gonorrhea, and the Los Angeles civil unrest: A longitudinal analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(12), pages 3062-3071, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:62:y:2006:i:12:p:3062-3071
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cohen, D. & Spear, S. & Scribner, R. & Kissinger, P. & Mason, K. & Wildgen, J., 2000. "'Broken windows' and the risk of gonorrhea," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 90(2), pages 230-236.
    2. Cohen, D.A. & Mason, K. & Bedimo, A. & Scribner, R. & Basolo, V. & Farley, T.A., 2003. "Neighborhood physical conditions and health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(3), pages 467-471.
    3. Cohen, Deborah A. & Farley, Thomas A. & Mason, Karen, 2003. "Why is poverty unhealthy? Social and physical mediators," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 57(9), pages 1631-1641, November.
    4. Wallace, Rodrick, 1990. "Urban desertification, public health and public order: 'Planned shrinkage', violent death, substance abuse and AIDS in the Bronx," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 31(7), pages 801-813, January.
    5. Rothenberg, R. & Bross, D.C. & Vernon, T.M., 1980. "Reporting of gonorrhea by private physicians: A behavioral study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 70(9), pages 983-986.
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    1. Richard Fry & Scott Orford & Sarah Rodgers & Jennifer Morgan & David Fone, 2020. "A best practice framework to measure spatial variation in alcohol availability," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 47(3), pages 381-399, March.
    2. Denise Herd, 2010. "Community Mobilization and the Framing of Alcohol-Related Problems," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Hannah L F Cooper & Sabriya Linton & Mary E Kelley & Zev Ross & Mary E Wolfe & Yen-Tyng Chen & Maria Zlotorzynska & Josalin Hunter-Jones & Samuel R Friedman & Don C Des Jarlais & Barbara Tempalski & E, 2016. "Risk Environments, Race/Ethnicity, and HIV Status in a Large Sample of People Who Inject Drugs in the United States," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(3), pages 1-21, March.

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