IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v350y2024ics0277953624003642.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV treatment gap lengths and viremia among people living with HIV British Columbia, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic: Are we ready for the next pandemic?

Author

Listed:
  • Munasinghe, Lalani L.
  • Yin, Weijia
  • Nathani, Hasan
  • Toy, Junine
  • Sereda, Paul
  • Barrios, Rolando
  • Montaner, Julio S.G.
  • Lima, Viviane D.

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the care of people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aims to characterize the impact of the pandemic on the length of HIV treatment gap lengths and viral loads among people living with HIV (PLWH) in British Columbia (BC), Canada, with a focus on Downtown Eastside (DTES), which is one of the most impoverished neighbourhoods in Canada. We analyzed data from the HIV/AIDS Drug Treatment Program from January 2019 to February 2022. The study had three phases: Pre-COVID, Early-COVID, and Late-COVID. We compared results for individuals residing in DTES, those not residing in DTES, and those with no fixed address. Treatment gap lengths and viral loads were analyzed using a zero-inflated negative binomial model and a two-part model, respectively, adjusting for demographic factors. Among the 8982 individuals, 93% were non-DTES residents, 6% were DTES residents, and 1% had no fixed address during each phase. DTES residents were more likely to be female, with Indigenous Ancestry, and have a history of injection drug use. Initially, the mean number of viral load measurements decreased for all PLWH during the Early-COVID, then remained constant. Treatment gap lengths increased for all three groups during Early-COVID. However, by Late-COVID, those with no fixed address approached pre-COVID levels, while the other two groups did not reach Early-COVID levels. Viral loads improved across each phase from Pre- to Early- to Late-COVID among people residing and not residing in DTES, while those with no fixed address experienced consistently worsening levels. Despite pandemic disruptions, both DTES and non-DTES areas enhanced HIV control, whereas individuals with no fixed address encountered challenges. This study offers insights into healthcare system preparedness for delivering HIV care during future pandemics, emphasizing community-driven interventions with a particular consideration of housing stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Munasinghe, Lalani L. & Yin, Weijia & Nathani, Hasan & Toy, Junine & Sereda, Paul & Barrios, Rolando & Montaner, Julio S.G. & Lima, Viviane D., 2024. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV treatment gap lengths and viremia among people living with HIV British Columbia, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic: Are we ready for the next pandemic?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:350:y:2024:i:c:s0277953624003642
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116920
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953624003642
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116920?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Glenn-Milo Santos & Benjamin Ackerman & Amrita Rao & Sara Wallach & George Ayala & Erik Lamontagne & Alex Garner & Ian Holloway & Sonya Arreola & Vince Silenzio & Susanne Strömdahl & Louis Yu & Carol , 2021. "Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men," Post-Print hal-02909813, HAL.
    2. Khansa Ahmad & Sebhat Erqou & Nishant Shah & Umair Nazir & Alan R Morrison & Gaurav Choudhary & Wen-Chih Wu, 2020. "Association of poor housing conditions with COVID-19 incidence and mortality across US counties," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Federico Belotti & Partha Deb & Willard G. Manning & Edward C. Norton, 2015. "twopm: Two-part models," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 15(1), pages 3-20, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Arnab K Ghosh & Sara Venkatraman & Evgeniya Reshetnyak & Mangala Rajan & Anjile An & John K Chae & Mark A Unruh & David Abramson & Charles DiMaggio & Nathaniel Hupert, 2022. "Association between city-wide lockdown and COVID-19 hospitalization rates in multigenerational households in New York City," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Michael Essman & Lindsey Smith Taillie & Tamryn Frank & Shu Wen Ng & Barry M Popkin & Elizabeth C Swart, 2021. "Taxed and untaxed beverage intake by South African young adults after a national sugar-sweetened beverage tax: A before-and-after study," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(5), pages 1-17, May.
    3. Schoeni, Robert F. & Cho, Tsai-Chin & Choi, HwaJung, 2022. "Close enough? Adult child-to-parent caregiving and residential proximity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    4. Ermagun, Alireza & Stathopoulos, Amanda, 2018. "To bid or not to bid: An empirical study of the supply determinants of crowd-shipping," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 468-483.
    5. Caballer-Tarazona, Vicent & Guadalajara-Olmeda, Natividad & Vivas-Consuelo, David, 2019. "Predicting healthcare expenditure by multimorbidity groups," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(4), pages 427-434.
    6. Braun, Lindsay M. & Rodriguez, Daniel A. & Gordon-Larsen, Penny, 2019. "Social (in)equity in access to cycling infrastructure: Cross-sectional associations between bike lanes and area-level sociodemographic characteristics in 22 large U.S. cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    7. Marwan Benali & Bernhard Brümmer & Victor Afari‐Sefa, 2018. "Smallholder participation in vegetable exports and age‐disaggregated labor allocation in Northern Tanzania," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 49(5), pages 549-562, September.
    8. Villalobos, Laura & Caviglia-Harris, Jill & Jayalath, Tharaka, 2023. "Replicating: "Playing Politics with Environmental Protection: The Political Economy of Designating Protected Areas"," I4R Discussion Paper Series 73, The Institute for Replication (I4R).
    9. Bruneel, Stijn & Verhelst, Pieterjan & Reubens, Jan & Luca, Stijn & Coeck, Johan & Moens, Tom & Goethals, Peter, 2020. "Combining disciplines: Dealing with observed and cryptic animal residencies in passive telemetry data by applying econometric decision-making models," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 438(C).
    10. Clara Bermudez-Tamayo & Stéphane Besançon & Mira Johri & Sidibe Assa & Jonathan Betz Brown & Kaushik Ramaiya, 2017. "Direct and indirect costs of diabetes mellitus in Mali: A case-control study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, May.
    11. Kruse, Hendrik W. & Martínez-Zarzoso, Inma & Baghdadi, Leila, 2021. "Standards and political connections: Evidence from Tunisia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    12. Nguyen, Quyen T.K. & Almodóvar, Paloma & Wei, Ziyi, 2022. "Intra-firm and arm’s length export propensity and intensity of MNE foreign subsidiaries," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 288-308.
    13. Lancee, Bora & Rossel, Lucia & Kasper, Matthias, 2023. "When the agency wants too much: Experimental evidence on unfair audits and tax compliance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 406-442.
    14. Emily Johnston Ross & Lynn Shibut, 2021. "Loss Given Default, Loan Seasoning and Financial Fragility: Evidence from Commercial Real Estate Loans at Failed Banks," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 63(4), pages 630-661, November.
    15. Alfred K. Mukong & Ernest N. Tingum, 2018. "The Demand for Cigarettes: New Evidence from South Africa," Working Papers 745, Economic Research Southern Africa.
    16. Mandikiana, Brian W., 2021. "Choice and expenditure: A double hurdle model of private tutoring in Qatar," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-15.
    17. Blackman, Allen & Qin, Ping & Yang, Jun, 2020. "How costly are driving restrictions? Contingent valuation evidence from Beijing," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    18. Kaushik Ghosh & Irina Bondarenko & Kassandra L Messer & Susan T Stewart & Trivellore Raghunathan & Allison B Rosen & David M Cutler, 2020. "Attributing medical spending to conditions: A comparison of methods," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(8), pages 1-17, August.
    19. Neubert, Lydia & König, Hans-Helmut & Löbner, Margrit & Luppa, Melanie & Pentzek, Michael & Fuchs, Angela & Weeg, Dagmar & Bickel, Horst & Oey, Anke & Wiese, Birgitt & Weyerer, Siegfried & Werle, Joch, 2021. "Excess costs of dementia in old age (85+) in Germany: Results from the AgeCoDe-AgeQualiDe study," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    20. Isabel Aguilar-Palacio & Lina Maldonado & Sara Malo & Raquel Sánchez-Recio & Iván Marcos-Campos & Rosa Magallón-Botaya & Mª José Rabanaque, 2021. "COVID-19 Inequalities: Individual and Area Socioeconomic Factors (Aragón, Spain)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:350:y:2024:i:c:s0277953624003642. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.