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Cross-border mergers and acquisitions by emerging country banks: What do acquisition premiums tell us?

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  • Yildirim, Canan
  • Tensaout, Mouloud
  • Belousova, Veronika

Abstract

Our knowledge of international expansion motives and strategies of emerging country banks (ECBs) is limited. Using a worldwide sample of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBMAs) and a mixed model, we explore firm- and country-level determinants of acquisition premiums. We show that the effects of target bank and target country characteristics on premiums are contingent on the acquirer’s home country: emerging vs. advanced. More specifically, compared to advanced country acquirers, ECBs pay lower premiums for targets that are: (i) more efficient; (ii) offering better functional diversification opportunities; and (iii) based in markets with higher growth prospects or better institutional development levels. Furthermore, state-owned ECBs pay higher premiums. Our findings suggest that CBMAs undertaken by ECBs might not be motivated by competence-enhancing strategies while being less sensitive to the target country’s institutional development.

Suggested Citation

  • Yildirim, Canan & Tensaout, Mouloud & Belousova, Veronika, 2023. "Cross-border mergers and acquisitions by emerging country banks: What do acquisition premiums tell us?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:riibaf:v:66:y:2023:i:c:s027553192300168x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ribaf.2023.102042
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dopico, Luis G. & Wilcox, James A., 2002. "Openness, profit opportunities and foreign banking," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 12(4-5), pages 299-320.
    2. Saiying (Esther) Deng & Elyas Elyasiani, 2008. "Geographic Diversification, Bank Holding Company Value, and Risk," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(6), pages 1217-1238, September.
    3. Maung, Min & Shedden, Myles & Wang, Yuan & Wilson, Craig, 2019. "The investment environment and cross-border merger and acquisition premiums," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 19-35.
    4. Juan Alcácer & Wilbur Chung & Ashton Hawk & Gonçalo Pacheco-de-Almeida, 2018. "Applying Random Coefficient Models to Strategy Research: Identifying and Exploring Firm Heterogeneous Effects," Strategy Science, INFORMS, vol. 3(3), pages 533-553, September.
    5. Kaufman, Daniel J, Jr, 1988. "Factors Affecting the Magnitude of Premiums Paid to Target-Firm Shareholders in Corporate Acquisitions," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 23(4), pages 465-482, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sun, Zeyu & Kong, Ningning & Wu, Lei & Bao, Yu, 2024. "Does contingent payment in M&As induce acquirers’ earnings management? Evidence from performance commitment," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Emerging country banks; Mergers and acquisitions; Acquisition premium; Multi-level analysis; Comparative analysis; Mixed model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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