IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reveco/v71y2021icp82-99.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Gold, inflation and exchange rate in dollarized economies – A comparative study of Turkey, Peru and the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Sui, Meng
  • Rengifo, Erick W.
  • Court, Eduardo

Abstract

This paper conducts a comprehensive empirical study on gold’s hedging potential against adverse movements of inflation and exchange rates for three countries: Turkey (highly dollarized), Peru (low dollarized) and United States (benchmark). With the use of quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) and quantile-on-quantile correlation (QQCOR) models, we find that gold can offer protection against currency movements and inflation fluctuation at all times for Turkey and the United States, but fail to do so during Turkey’s hyperinflationary period; in Peru, gold is a good hedge if the change of CPI is above 3.29% or currency depreciation rate is above 3.24%. We reveal that the conclusion of gold acting as a hedge (safe haven) against inflation or exchange rate volatility conjoin to both the gold market condition and the nature of macroeconomic shocks. Moreover, we use the QQCOR results into a portfolio hedging strategy and further confirm gold’s usefulness in portfolio risk management in terms of return accumulation and risk reduction with respect to a currency only investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Sui, Meng & Rengifo, Erick W. & Court, Eduardo, 2021. "Gold, inflation and exchange rate in dollarized economies – A comparative study of Turkey, Peru and the United States," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 82-99.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:71:y:2021:i:c:p:82-99
    DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2020.08.014
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1059056020301830
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.iref.2020.08.014?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dirk G. Baur & Brian M. Lucey, 2010. "Is Gold a Hedge or a Safe Haven? An Analysis of Stocks, Bonds and Gold," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 45(2), pages 217-229, May.
    2. Białkowski, Jędrzej & Bohl, Martin T. & Stephan, Patrick M. & Wisniewski, Tomasz P., 2015. "The gold price in times of crisis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 329-339.
    3. Syed jawad hussain Shahzad & Saba Ameer & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2016. "Disaggregating the correlation under bearish and bullish markets: A Quantile-quantile approach," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 36(4), pages 2465-2473.
    4. Erick W. Rengifo & Emre Ozsoz & Mustapha A. Akinkunmi & Eduardo Court, 2013. "Bank Regulation in Dollarized Economies: The Case of Turkey," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 1(4), pages 1-17, November.
    5. Baur, Dirk G. & McDermott, Thomas K., 2010. "Is gold a safe haven? International evidence," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1886-1898, August.
    6. Armin Nassehi, 2016. "Melting the Pot?," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 17(03), pages 27-32, December.
    7. Bouri, Elie & Gupta, Rangan & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Roubaud, David, 2017. "Does Bitcoin hedge global uncertainty? Evidence from wavelet-based quantile-in-quantile regressions," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 87-95.
    8. Ma, Lingjie & Koenker, Roger, 2006. "Quantile regression methods for recursive structural equation models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 134(2), pages 471-506, October.
    9. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Balcilar, Mehmet & Abidin Ozdemir, Zeynel, 2017. "Does oil predict gold? A nonparametric causality-in-quantiles approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 257-265.
    10. Wang, Kuan-Min & Lee, Yuan-Ming, 2016. "Hedging exchange rate risk in the gold market: A panel data analysis," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 1-23.
    11. Emre Ozsoz & Erick W. Rengifo & Ali M. Kutan, 2015. "Foreign Currency Lending and Banking System Stability : New Evidence from Turkey," Central Bank Review, Research and Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, vol. 15(2), pages 1-29.
    12. Andrew Chesher, 2003. "Identification in Nonseparable Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(5), pages 1405-1441, September.
    13. Ma, Xuejun & Zhang, Jingxiao, 2016. "Robust model-free feature screening via quantile correlation," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 472-480.
    14. Baur, Dirk G. & Beckmann, Joscha & Czudaj, Robert, 2016. "A melting pot — Gold price forecasts under model and parameter uncertainty," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 282-291.
    15. Guodong Li & Yang Li & Chih-Ling Tsai, 2015. "Quantile Correlations and Quantile Autoregressive Modeling," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 110(509), pages 246-261, March.
    16. Sharma, Susan Sunila, 2016. "Can consumer price index predict gold price returns?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 269-278.
    17. Mark, Joy, 2011. "Gold and the US dollar: Hedge or haven?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 8(3), pages 120-131, September.
    18. Sim, Nicholas & Zhou, Hongtao, 2015. "Oil prices, US stock return, and the dependence between their quantiles," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1-8.
    19. Sim, Nicholas, 2016. "Modeling the dependence structures of financial assets through the Copula Quantile-on-Quantile approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 31-45.
    20. Ali M. Kutan & Tansu Aksoy, 2004. "Public Information Arrival and Emerging Markets Returns and Volatility," Multinational Finance Journal, Multinational Finance Journal, vol. 8(3-4), pages 227-245, september.
    21. Iqbal, Javed, 2017. "Does gold hedge stock market, inflation and exchange rate risks? An econometric investigation," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 1-17.
    22. Wang, Kuan-Min & Lee, Yuan-Ming, 2011. "The yen for gold," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 39-48, March.
    23. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Sohail, Asiya & Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed, 2019. "Does gold act as a hedge against different nuances of inflation? Evidence from Quantile-on-Quantile and causality-in- quantiles approaches," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 602-615.
    24. Reboredo, Juan C. & Ugolini, Andrea, 2016. "The impact of downward/upward oil price movements on metal prices," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 129-141.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Yu & Li, Yiming & Jiang, Fan & Yin, Shi, 2024. "Diversifying natural resources for green recovery in China: Strategies and solutions," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    2. Nguyen, Thao Thac Thanh & Pham, Son Duy & Li, Xiao-Ming & Do, Hung Xuan, 2024. "Does the U.S. export inflation? Evidence from the dynamic inflation spillover between the U.S. and EAGLEs," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    3. Vyacheslav Dodonov, 2022. "Gold as a Factor of Change in Central Bank Reserves in Periods of the Financial Markets Turbulence: the Case of Kazakhstan," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 11(2), pages 209-224.
    4. Cheng, Sheng & Han, Lingyu & Cao, Yan & Jiang, Qisheng & Liang, Ruibin, 2022. "Gold-oil dynamic relationship and the asymmetric role of geopolitical risks: Evidence from Bayesian pdBEKK-GARCH with regime switching," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    5. Golitsis, Petros & Gkasis, Pavlos & Bellos, Sotirios K., 2022. "Dynamic spillovers and linkages between gold, crude oil, S&P 500, and other economic and financial variables. Evidence from the USA," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    6. Angela Ifeanyi Ujunwa & Augustine Ujunwa & Emmanuel Onah & Nnenna Georgina Nwonye & Onyedikachi David Chukwunwike, 2021. "Extending the determinants of currency substitution in Nigeria: Any role for financial innovation?," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 89(4), pages 590-607, December.
    7. Liu, Fang & Umair, Muhammad & Gao, Junjun, 2023. "Assessing oil price volatility co-movement with stock market volatility through quantile regression approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hussain Shahzad, Syed Jawad & Raza, Naveed & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Ali, Azwadi, 2017. "Dependence of stock markets with gold and bonds under bullish and bearish market states," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 308-319.
    2. Golitsis, Petros & Gkasis, Pavlos & Bellos, Sotirios K., 2022. "Dynamic spillovers and linkages between gold, crude oil, S&P 500, and other economic and financial variables. Evidence from the USA," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    3. Wang, Kuan-Min & Lee, Yuan-Ming, 2022. "Is gold a safe haven for exchange rate risks? An empirical study of major currency countries," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    4. Chen, Jinyu & Wang, Yilin & Ren, Xiaohang, 2023. "Asymmetric effect of financial stress on China’s precious metals market: Evidence from a quantile-on-quantile regression," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    5. Bonato, Matteo & Demirer, Riza & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian, 2018. "Gold futures returns and realized moments: A forecasting experiment using a quantile-boosting approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 196-212.
    6. Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Mensi, Walid & Maitra, Debasish & Al-Jarrah, Idries Mohammad Wanas, 2019. "Portfolio management and dependencies among precious metal markets: Evidence from a Copula quantile-on-quantile approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    7. Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad & Naveed Raza & David Roubaud & Jose Arreola Hernandez & Stelios Bekiros, 2019. "Gold as Safe Haven for G-7 Stocks and Bonds: A Revisit," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 17(4), pages 885-912, December.
    8. Muhammad Shafiullah & Sajid M. Chaudhry & Muhammad Shahbaz & Juan C. Reboredo, 2021. "Quantile causality and dependence between crude oil and precious metal prices," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(4), pages 6264-6280, October.
    9. Huilian Huang & Tao Xiong, 2023. "A good hedge or safe haven? The hedging ability of China's commodity futures market under extreme market conditions," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(7), pages 968-1035, July.
    10. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Mensi, Walid & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Sohail, Asiya & Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed, 2019. "Does gold act as a hedge against different nuances of inflation? Evidence from Quantile-on-Quantile and causality-in- quantiles approaches," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 602-615.
    11. Walid Mensi & Debasish Maitra & Refk Selmi & Xuan Vinh Vo, 2023. "Extreme dependencies and spillovers between gold and stock markets: evidence from MENA countries," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 9(1), pages 1-27, December.
    12. Chen, Jinyu & Wang, Yilin & Ren, Xiaohang, 2022. "Asymmetric effects of non-ferrous metal price shocks on clean energy stocks: Evidence from a quantile-on-quantile method," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    13. Alqaralleh, Huthaifa & Canepa, Alessandra, 2022. "The role of precious metals in portfolio diversification during the Covid19 pandemic: A wavelet-based quantile approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    14. Dichtl, Hubert, 2020. "Forecasting excess returns of the gold market: Can we learn from stock market predictions?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 19(C).
    15. Chi-Wei Su & Lidong Pang & Muhammad Umar & Oana-Ramona Lobonţ, 2022. "Will Gold Always Shine amid World Uncertainty?," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(12), pages 3425-3438, September.
    16. Dibooglu, Sel & Cevik, Emrah I. & Gillman, Max, 2022. "Gold, silver, and the US dollar as harbingers of financial calm and distress," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 200-210.
    17. Tweneboah, George & Owusu Junior, Peterson & Kumah, Seyram Pearl, 2020. "Modelling the asymmetric linkages between spot gold prices and African stocks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    18. Kuan-Min Wang & Thanh-Binh Nguyen Thi & Yuan-Ming Lee, 2021. "Is gold a safe haven for the dynamic risk of foreign exchange?," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-17, December.
    19. Das, Debojyoti & Bhatia, Vaneet & Kumar, Surya Bhushan & Basu, Sankarshan, 2022. "Do precious metals hedge crude oil volatility jumps?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    20. Hau, Liya & Zhu, Huiming & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Sun, Wuqin, 2021. "Does transaction activity predict Bitcoin returns? Evidence from quantile-on-quantile analysis," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Dollarized economies; Gold and inflation; Exchange rate pass-through; Quantile on quantile regression (QQR); Quantile on quantile correlation (QQCOR); Portfolio strategy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C20 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - General
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:71:y:2021:i:c:p:82-99. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620165 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.