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A typological and spatial analysis of pedestrian fatalities and injuries in Malta

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  • Bajada, Thérèse
  • Attard, Maria

Abstract

Car oriented urban areas are characterised by pedestrian-vehicle collisions. The aim of this paper is to examine such collisions between 2004 and 2018 and determine the characteristics of accident and injury risk for pedestrians in Malta. First, we investigated the relationship between the variables (age, gender, month, day, time, district, injury, and category) to establish the accident characteristics using a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). Second, we categorised the results from the MCA into groups by means of a Cluster Analysis. Third, we analysed spatially the categories by means of Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). The typological analysis provided two dimensions of pedestrian injuries namely, month and vehicle category, and age and time; these were the characteristics that were over-represented in comparison to the whole dataset of pedestrian injuries. The outputs of the Cluster Analysis provided clusters of types of injured pedestrians that are worth looking for planning and policy making, such as Group 2 the Summer party people. The KDE revealed patterns that should be investigated in future research on the relationship between pedestrian-vehicle collisions and the built environment. These findings are useful to urban planners and transport engineers to design policies and measures aimed at improving pedestrian road safety.

Suggested Citation

  • Bajada, Thérèse & Attard, Maria, 2021. "A typological and spatial analysis of pedestrian fatalities and injuries in Malta," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:retrec:v:86:y:2021:i:c:s0739885920302213
    DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2020.101023
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Natalia Casado-Sanz & Begoña Guirao & Antonio Lara Galera & Maria Attard, 2019. "Investigating the Risk Factors Associated with the Severity of the Pedestrians Injured on Spanish Crosstown Roads," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Abay, Kibrom A., 2013. "Examining pedestrian-injury severity using alternative disaggregate models," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 123-136.
    3. Attard, Maria & Ison, Stephen G., 2010. "The implementation of road user charging and the lessons learnt: the case of Valletta, Malta," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 14-22.
    4. Dai, Dajun, 2012. "Identifying clusters and risk factors of injuries in pedestrian–vehicle crashes in a GIS environment," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 206-214.
    5. Noland, Robert B., 2013. "From theory to practice in road safety policy: Understanding risk versus mobility," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 71-84.
    6. Attard, Maria, 2012. "Reforming the urban public transport bus system in Malta: Approach and acceptance," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(7), pages 981-992.
    7. Daniel J. Graham & Stephen Glaister, 2003. "Spatial Variation in Road Pedestrian Casualties: The Role of Urban Scale, Density and Land-use Mix," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 40(8), pages 1591-1607, July.
    8. Roni Factor & Gad Yair & David Mahalel, 2010. "Who by Accident? The Social Morphology of Car Accidents," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(9), pages 1411-1423, September.
    9. Bajada, Thérèse & Titheridge, Helena, 2016. "To contract or to operate publicly? Observations from the bus service reform transition process in Malta," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 281-291.
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    Cited by:

    1. Angelo Rampinelli & Juan Felipe Calderón & Carola A. Blazquez & Karen Sauer-Brand & Nicolás Hamann & José Ignacio Nazif-Munoz, 2022. "Investigating the Risk Factors Associated with Injury Severity in Pedestrian Crashes in Santiago, Chile," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Quan Yuan & Xianguo Zhai & Wei Ji & Tiantong Yang & Yang Yu & Shengnan Yu, 2022. "Correlation Analysis on Accident Injury and Risky Behavior of Vulnerable Road Users Based on Bayesian General Ordinal Logit Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-11, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pedestrian; Road traffic injuries; Fatalities; Malta; Multiple correspondence analysis; Spatial analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • L91 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Transportation: General
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise

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