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Electrical energy demand efficiency efforts in Brazil, past, lessons learned, present and future: A critical review

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  • Zurn, Hans H.
  • Tenfen, Daniel
  • Rolim, Jacqueline G.
  • Richter, André
  • Hauer, Ines

Abstract

Brazil’s predominant hydroelectric power production has to be increasingly complemented by thermal generation to face rapid demand growth, slow new hydro plants planning and construction, proportional reduction of possible energy stored in the reservoirs and longer drought periods. The larger the thermal electricity share, the more expensive is the production cost and environmental impact due to fossil fuels. To counter this, new renewable sources such as wind plants are being massively built in addition to more effective measures of energy conservation, based on traditional methods such as the National Program for Electrical Energy Conservation (PROCEL) and peak load tariff differentials, which affect large consumers and is expected to be applied to residential consumers with new digital energy meters. In addition, there is the traditional summer time offset of one hour in higher southern latitude parts of Brazil. The effects of energy savings and peak load reduction are studied in view of optimal power dispatch reasoning, both considering an uncrowded and a potentially congested transmission network where the predominant power production is hydroelectric. Efforts to increase energy savings and efficiency in Brazil are critically analyzed at the end of this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Zurn, Hans H. & Tenfen, Daniel & Rolim, Jacqueline G. & Richter, André & Hauer, Ines, 2017. "Electrical energy demand efficiency efforts in Brazil, past, lessons learned, present and future: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1081-1086.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:67:y:2017:i:c:p:1081-1086
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.037
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    Cited by:

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    2. Hammerschmitt, Bruno Knevitz & Guarda, Fernando Guilherme Kaehler & Lucchese, Felipe Cirolini & Abaide, Alzenira da Rosa, 2022. "Complementary thermal energy generation associated with renewable energies using Artificial Intelligence," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    3. Herrera, Milton M. & Dyner, Isaac & Cosenz, Federico, 2019. "Assessing the effect of transmission constraints on wind power expansion in northeast Brazil," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-1.
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    5. Ali, Muhammad Rizwan & Shafiq, Muhammad, 2021. "Revealing expert perspectives on challenges to electricity Demand-Side Management in Pakistan: An application of Q-Methodology," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    6. Piai Paiva, Juliani Chico & Jannuzzi, Gilberto De Martino & de Melo, Conrado Augustus, 2019. "Mapping electricity affordability in Brazil," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-1.

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