IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v78y2015icp93-104.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Feasibility analysis of a Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) array to be installed in high geothermal flux area: The case of the Euganean Thermal Basin, Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Galgaro, Antonio
  • Farina, Zeno
  • Emmi, Giuseppe
  • De Carli, Michele

Abstract

This work analyses the feasibility and sustainability of closed-loop heat-exchangers, also known as Borehole Heat Exchangers (BHEs), in shallow geothermal areas. By circulating a carrier fluid in a closed-loop of pipes installed vertically in a deep well, there is no fluid exchange between the BHEs and hot thermal groundwater, but only heat transfer. The BHEs absorb heat when in contact with the warmer subsoil, and release it to buildings. It is designed that heating is provided through a free-heating system, avoiding the need to use a Ground Source Heat Pump system or other thermal energy device. An actual application of such technique in a public building located in an important thermal area in north–east Italy is analysed in terms of its thermal impact on underground and groundwater temperature. The test area is part of the so called Euganean Thermal Basin (ETB), which is the most important thermal district in northern Italy. The ETB is located in the eastern Po river plain and is one of the most important thermal and mud-therapeutic spas in the world. More than 250 hotels offer hospitality to more than 3 million tourists every year. Almost every hotel and spa owns a well to extract thermal water at a temperature in the range 60–87 °C from the fractured carbonatic bedrock found at a depth of about 50–200 m below ground level. To preserve this fundamental resource, the local legislation does not allow extracted thermal water to be used for purposes other than therapeutic ones. Several spas and thermal wells are present in the surroundings of the concerned building and it must be verified that heat extraction by the BHE-array during its operation does not hinder the temperature of thermal wells. The analysis is carried out using a finite elements analysis code (FEFlow 6.1), simulating mass and heat transfer inside porous media. Various array configurations are simulated and it is found that an array of 4 BHEs 240 m deep provide enough thermal energy to the building decreasing by less than 2 °C the temperature of the closest well's extracted water. A feasibility analysis of a more widespread District Heating scheme in the Euganean Thermal Basin area should therefore be carried out.

Suggested Citation

  • Galgaro, Antonio & Farina, Zeno & Emmi, Giuseppe & De Carli, Michele, 2015. "Feasibility analysis of a Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) array to be installed in high geothermal flux area: The case of the Euganean Thermal Basin, Italy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 93-104.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:78:y:2015:i:c:p:93-104
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.11.076
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148114008076
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2014.11.076?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Borzoni, Matteo & Rizzi, Francesco & Frey, Marco, 2014. "Geothermal power in Italy: A social multi-criteria evaluation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 60-73.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Eloisa Di Sipio & David Bertermann, 2017. "Factors Influencing the Thermal Efficiency of Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Dongdong Liu & Yanyong Xiang, 2019. "A Semi-Analytical Method for Three-Dimensional Heat Transfer in Multi-Fracture Enhanced Geothermal Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-11, March.
    3. Perego, Rodolfo & Viesi, Diego & Pera, Sebastian & Dalla Santa, Giorgia & Cultrera, Matteo & Visintainer, Paola & Galgaro, Antonio, 2020. "Revision of hydrothermal constraints for the installation of closed-loop shallow geothermal systems through underground investigation, monitoring and modeling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 1378-1395.
    4. Jiang, Peixue & Li, Xiaolu & Xu, Ruina & Zhang, Fuzhen, 2016. "Heat extraction of novel underground well pattern systems for geothermal energy exploitation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 83-94.
    5. Tomislav Kurevija & Marija Macenić & Martina Tuschl, 2023. "Drilling Deeper in Shallow Geoexchange Heat Pump Systems—Thermogeological, Energy and Hydraulic Benefits and Restraints," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-17, September.
    6. Somogyi, Viola & Sebestyén, Viktor & Nagy, Georgina, 2017. "Scientific achievements and regulation of shallow geothermal systems in six European countries – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P2), pages 934-952.
    7. Rivera, Jaime A. & Blum, Philipp & Bayer, Peter, 2015. "Analytical simulation of groundwater flow and land surface effects on thermal plumes of borehole heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 421-433.
    8. Song, Xianzhi & Shi, Yu & Li, Gensheng & Yang, Ruiyue & Xu, Zhengming & Zheng, Rui & Wang, Gaosheng & Lyu, Zehao, 2017. "Heat extraction performance simulation for various configurations of a downhole heat exchanger geothermal system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1489-1503.
    9. Brown, Christopher S. & Kolo, Isa & Falcone, Gioia & Banks, David, 2023. "Investigating scalability of deep borehole heat exchangers: Numerical modelling of arrays with varied modes of operation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 442-452.
    10. Galgaro, A. & Di Sipio, E. & Carrera, A. & Dalla Santa, G. & Escudero, A. Ramos & Cuevas, J.M. & Pasquali, R. & Sanner, B. & Bernardi, A., 2022. "European and municipal scale drillability maps: A tool to identify the most suitable techniques to install borehole heat exchangers (BHE) probes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 188-199.
    11. Muhammad Asad & Vincenzo Guida & Alessandro Mauro, 2023. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Efficacy of a Real Downhole Heat Exchanger," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-19, September.
    12. R.V., Rohit & R., Vipin Raj & Kiplangat, Dennis C. & R., Veena & Jose, Rajan & Pradeepkumar, A.P. & Kumar, K. Satheesh, 2023. "Tracing the evolution and charting the future of geothermal energy research and development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Etxano, Iker & Villalba-Eguiluz, Unai, 2021. "Twenty-five years of social multi-criteria evaluation (SMCE) in the search for sustainability: Analysis of case studies," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    2. Lorenzo Bruscoli & Daniele Fiaschi & Giampaolo Manfrida & Duccio Tempesti, 2015. "Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Flash Geothermal Power Plants—A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-22, November.
    3. Irie, Noriko & Kawahara, Naoko, 2022. "Consumer preferences for local renewable electricity production in Japan: A choice experiment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 1171-1181.
    4. Solano-Olivares, K. & Santoyo, E. & Santoyo-Castelazo, E., 2024. "Integrated sustainability assessment framework for geothermal energy technologies: A literature review and a new proposal of sustainability indicators for Mexico," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:78:y:2015:i:c:p:93-104. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.