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Ground temperature profiles and thermal rock properties at Wairakei, New Zealand

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  • van Manen, Saskia M.
  • Wallin, Erin

Abstract

Here we present ground temperature data from Wairakei, Taupo, New Zealand. The surface zone in this area extends to 0.5 m, while the shallow zone extends to at least 7.39 m. It is expected that the deep zone starts close to this depth and will exhibit a constant temperature of approximately 14.3 °C, 1–2 °C higher than the mean ambient temperature at this site. Shallow ground temperatures are predominantly influenced by the ambient air temperature and to a lesser extent the amount of rainfall. Modelling of the thermal waves, taking conductive and convective heat transfer into account, enables estimates of thermal diffusivity, volumetric heat capacity and thermal conductivity, whose mean values based on data from August 2010–April 2011 were 3.48 × 10−7 m2 s−1, 2.35 × 106 J m−3 K−1 and 0.89 W m−1 K−1 respectively. These estimates are within the same ranges as previous estimates of the thermal properties at Wairakei, although the mean values are slightly higher. This finding is consistent with the increased amount of recharge that occurred during the experimental period. Increased understanding of ground temperature and thermal rock properties is valuable for the development of low enthalpy geothermal resources as well as having applications in hydrology, agronomy and climatology.

Suggested Citation

  • van Manen, Saskia M. & Wallin, Erin, 2012. "Ground temperature profiles and thermal rock properties at Wairakei, New Zealand," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 313-321.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:43:y:2012:i:c:p:313-321
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.032
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pouloupatis, P.D. & Florides, G. & Tassou, S., 2011. "Measurements of ground temperatures in Cyprus for ground thermal applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 804-814.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wanli Wang & Guiling Wang & Feng Liu & Chunlei Liu, 2022. "Characterization of Ground Thermal Conditions for Shallow Geothermal Exploitation in the Central North China Plain (NCP) Area," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak & Tomasz Szul & Grzegorz Woroniak, 2023. "Application of a Model Based on Rough Set Theory (RST) for Estimating the Temperature of Brine from Vertical Ground Heat Exchangers (VGHE) Operated with a Heat Pump—A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Seward, Anya & Prieto, Angela, 2018. "Determining thermal rock properties of soils in Canterbury, New Zealand: Comparisons between long-term in-situ temperature profiles and divided bar measurements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 546-554.
    4. Tsilingiridis, G. & Papakostas, K., 2014. "Investigating the relationship between air and ground temperature variations in shallow depths in northern Greece," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1007-1016.

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