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Enhanced in situ ethanolysis of Jatropha curcas L. in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a phase transfer catalyst

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  • Hailegiorgis, Sintayehu Mekuria
  • Mahadzir, Shuhaimi
  • Subbarao, Duvvuri

Abstract

Limited solubility of alcohols in vegetable oils hinders transesterification reaction process. Phase transfer catalysis can be of great advantage to enhance the reaction rates. Addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a phase transfer catalyst on in situ transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. with alkaline ethanol was investigated. Use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide increased the yield of fatty acid ethyl esters. Optimum operating conditions were experimentally established. Yield of fatty acid ethyl esters increased from 89.2 wt% to 99.5 wt% with reduced requirement of ethanol by 16.7 v%, sodium hydroxide catalyst by 33.3 wt%, at a lower temperature of 30 °C and reduced mixing speed in shorter reaction time. The quality of fatty acid ethyl esters fuel conforms to the standards of ASTM D6751 and EN-14214.

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  • Hailegiorgis, Sintayehu Mekuria & Mahadzir, Shuhaimi & Subbarao, Duvvuri, 2011. "Enhanced in situ ethanolysis of Jatropha curcas L. in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a phase transfer catalyst," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 2502-2507.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:36:y:2011:i:9:p:2502-2507
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.03.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Leung, Dennis Y.C. & Wu, Xuan & Leung, M.K.H., 2010. "A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1083-1095, April.
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    1. Go, Alchris Woo & Sutanto, Sylviana & Ong, Lu Ki & Tran-Nguyen, Phuong Lan & Ismadji, Suryadi & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2016. "Developments in in-situ (trans) esterification for biodiesel production: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 284-305.
    2. Li, Qiang & Xu, Jingyang & Du, Wei & Li, Yang & Liu, Dehua, 2013. "Ethanol as the acyl acceptor for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 742-748.
    3. Kalam, M.A. & Ahamed, J.U. & Masjuki, H.H., 2012. "Land availability of Jatropha production in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 3999-4007.
    4. Lourenço, Vitor Alves & Nadaleti, Willian Cézar & Vieira, Bruno Müller & Li, Hu, 2021. "Investigation of ethyl biodiesel via transesterification of rice bran oil: bioenergy from residual biomass in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).

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