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Properties of biodiesel oils formulated using different biomass sources and their blends

Author

Listed:
  • Albuquerque, M.C.G.
  • Machado, Y.L.
  • Torres, A.E.B.
  • Azevedo, D.C.S.
  • Cavalcante, C.L.
  • Firmiano, L.R.
  • Parente, E.J.S.

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel which can be obtained from the transesterification of vegetable oils with simple alcohols. This process decreases the viscosity, density and flash point of the raw material. The biodiesel molecular structure, consisting of linear esters, allows similar physical–chemical properties compared to mineral diesel oil. Some important properties of the oil, such as viscosity, melting point, thermal stability and cetane index can be directly related to the chemical composition of the biomass source that was used. It is therefore possible to anticipate which property values will be obtained for each biodiesel produced from a specific vegetable oil, relating them to the chemical nature of the starting vegetable oil. The objective of this study is to evaluate the properties of biodiesel oils obtained from different biomass sources (castor, soybean, cotton, and canola) and their binary blends prepared in concentration ranges between 20 and 80%vol. Each sample was analyzed for viscosity, specific gravity and iodine index. The proper formulation to meet the European specifications for biodiesel (DIN – 14214) using those sources of biomass is presented and discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Albuquerque, M.C.G. & Machado, Y.L. & Torres, A.E.B. & Azevedo, D.C.S. & Cavalcante, C.L. & Firmiano, L.R. & Parente, E.J.S., 2009. "Properties of biodiesel oils formulated using different biomass sources and their blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 857-859.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:34:y:2009:i:3:p:857-859
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2008.07.006
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    1. Sánchez, A.S. & Almeida, M.B. & Torres, E.A. & Kalid, R.A. & Cohim, E. & Gasparatos, A., 2018. "Alternative biodiesel feedstock systems in the Semi-arid region of Brazil: Implications for ecosystem services," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2744-2758.
    2. Mathimani, Thangavel & Senthil Kumar, Tamilkolundu & Chandrasekar, Murugesan & Uma, Lakshmanan & Prabaharan, Dharmar, 2017. "Assessment of fuel properties, engine performance and emission characteristics of outdoor grown marine Chlorella vulgaris BDUG 91771 biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 637-646.
    3. Bagchi, Sourav Kumar & Patnaik, Reeza & Sonkar, Sashi & Koley, Shankha & Rao, P. Srinivasa & Mallick, Nirupama, 2019. "Qualitative biodiesel production from a locally isolated chlorophycean microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing GA 45 under closed raceway pond cultivation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 976-987.
    4. Tesfa, B. & Mishra, R. & Gu, F. & Powles, N., 2010. "Prediction models for density and viscosity of biodiesel and their effects on fuel supply system in CI engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 2752-2760.
    5. Yi-Yu Wang & Chia-Chi Chang & Ching-Yuan Chang & Yi-Hung Chen & Je-Lueng Shie & Min-Hao Yuan & Yen-Hau Chen & Li-Xuan Huang & Cesar Augusto Andrade-Tacca & Do Van Manh & Min-Yi Tsai & Michael Huang, 2016. "Thermal Cracking of Jatropha Oil with Hydrogen to Produce Bio-Fuel Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-11, November.
    6. Moser, Bryan R., 2016. "Fuel property enhancement of biodiesel fuels from common and alternative feedstocks via complementary blending," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 819-825.
    7. Santos, Carlos Eduardo dos & Silva, Janice da & Zinani, Flavia & Wander, Paulo & Gomes, Luciana Paulo, 2015. "Oil from the acid silage of Nile tilapia waste: Physicochemical characteristics for its application as biofuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 331-337.
    8. Ramezani, K. & Rowshanzamir, S. & Eikani, M.H., 2010. "Castor oil transesterification reaction: A kinetic study and optimization of parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 4142-4148.
    9. Kwon, Eilhann E. & Jeon, Eui-Chan & Yi, Haakrho & Kim, Sungpyo, 2014. "Transforming duck tallow into biodiesel via noncatalytic transesterification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 20-25.
    10. Vieira, Bruno & Nadaleti, Willian Cézar & Sarto, Ewerson, 2021. "The effect of the addition of castor oil to residual soybean oil to obtain biodiesel in Brazil: Energy matrix diversification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1), pages 657-667.
    11. Dias, J.M. & Araújo, J.M. & Costa, J.F. & Alvim-Ferraz, M.C.M. & Almeida, M.F., 2013. "Biodiesel production from raw castor oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 58-66.
    12. Aga, Wondwosen S. & Fantaye, Solomon K. & Jabasingh, S. Anuradha, 2020. "Biodiesel production from Ethiopian ‘Besana’- Croton macrostachyus seed: Characterization and optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 574-584.
    13. Kuepethkaew, Sakonwat & Sangkharak, Kanokphorn & Benjakul, Soottawat & Klomklao, Sappasith, 2017. "Optimized synthesis of biodiesel using lipase from Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) hepatopancreas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 139-147.
    14. Chen, Yi-Hung & Chen, Jhih-Hong & Luo, Yu-Min, 2012. "Complementary biodiesel combination from tung and medium-chain fatty acid oils," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 305-310.
    15. Jahirul, M.I. & Rasul, M.G. & Brown, R.J. & Senadeera, W. & Hosen, M.A. & Haque, R. & Saha, S.C. & Mahlia, T.M.I., 2021. "Investigation of correlation between chemical composition and properties of biodiesel using principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN)," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 632-646.
    16. Mathimani, Thangavel & Uma, Lakshmanan & Prabaharan, Dharmar, 2015. "Homogeneous acid catalysed transesterification of marine microalga Chlorella sp. BDUG 91771 lipid – An efficient biodiesel yield and its characterization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 523-533.
    17. Erdoğan, Sinan & Balki, Mustafa Kemal & Aydın, Selman & Sayin, Cenk, 2019. "The best fuel selection with hybrid multiple-criteria decision making approaches in a CI engine fueled with their blends and pure biodiesels produced from different sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 653-668.
    18. Anahas, Antonyraj Matharasi Perianaika & Muralitharan, Gangatharan, 2019. "Central composite design (CCD) optimization of phytohormones supplementation for enhanced cyanobacterial biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 749-761.
    19. Serrano, Marta & Oliveros, Rubén & Sánchez, Marcos & Moraschini, Andrea & Martínez, Mercedes & Aracil, José, 2014. "Influence of blending vegetable oil methyl esters on biodiesel fuel properties: Oxidative stability and cold flow properties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 109-115.

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