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Environmental aspects of electricity generation from a nanocrystalline dye sensitized solar cell system

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  • Greijer, Helena
  • Karlson, Lennart
  • Lindquist, Sten-Eric
  • Anders Hagfeldt,

Abstract

A Life Cycle Assessment, LCA, of a nanocrystalline dye sensitized solar cell (ncDSC) system has been performed, according to the ISO14040 standard. In brief, LCA is a tool to analyse the total environmental impact of a product or system from cradle to grave. Six different weighing methods were used to rank and select the significant environmental aspects to study further. The most significant environmental aspects according to the weighing methods are emission of sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide emission was selected as the environmental indicator depending on the growing attention on the global warming effect. In an environmental comparison of electricity generation from a ncDSC system and a natural gas/combined cycle power plant, the gas power plant would result in 450 g CO2/kWh and the ncDSC system in between 19–47 g CO2/kWh. The latter can be compared with 42 g CO2/kWh, according to van Brummelen et al. “Life Cycle Assessment of Roof Integrated Solar Cell Systems, (Report: Department of Science, Technology and Society, Utrecht University, The Netherlands, 1994)” for another thin film solar cell system made of amorphous silicon. The most significant activity/component contributing to environmental impact over the life cycle of the ncDSC system is the process energy for producing the solar cell module. Secondly comes the components; glass substrate, frame and junction box. The main improvement from an environmental point of view of the current technology would be an increase in the conversion efficiency from solar radiation to electricity generation and still use low energy demanding production technologies. Also the amount of material in the solar cell system should be minimised and designed to maximise recycling.

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  • Greijer, Helena & Karlson, Lennart & Lindquist, Sten-Eric & Anders Hagfeldt,, 2001. "Environmental aspects of electricity generation from a nanocrystalline dye sensitized solar cell system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 27-39.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:23:y:2001:i:1:p:27-39
    DOI: 10.1016/S0960-1481(00)00111-7
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    1. Andersson, B.A & Azar, C & Holmberg, J & Karlsson, S, 1998. "Material constraints for thin-film solar cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 407-411.
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    2. Raghava Kommalapati & Akhil Kadiyala & Md. Tarkik Shahriar & Ziaul Huque, 2017. "Review of the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Different Photovoltaic and Concentrating Solar Power Electricity Generation Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Giannouli, M. & Spiliopoulou, F., 2012. "Effects of the morphology of nanostructured ZnO films on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 115-122.
    4. Parisi, Maria Laura & Maranghi, Simone & Basosi, Riccardo, 2014. "The evolution of the dye sensitized solar cells from Grätzel prototype to up-scaled solar applications: A life cycle assessment approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 124-138.
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    7. Parisi, M.L. & Maranghi, S. & Vesce, L. & Sinicropi, A. & Di Carlo, A. & Basosi, R., 2020. "Prospective life cycle assessment of third-generation photovoltaics at the pre-industrial scale: A long-term scenario approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    8. Evans, Annette & Strezov, Vladimir & Evans, Tim J., 2009. "Assessment of sustainability indicators for renewable energy technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(5), pages 1082-1088, June.
    9. Kati Miettunen & Jaana Vapaavuori & Aapo Poskela & Armi Tiihonen & Peter D. Lund, 2018. "Recent progress in flexible dye solar cells," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(5), September.
    10. Sherwani, A.F. & Usmani, J.A. & Varun, 2010. "Life cycle assessment of solar PV based electricity generation systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 540-544, January.
    11. Kati Miettunen & Janne Halme & Peter Lund, 2013. "Metallic and plastic dye solar cells," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 2(1), pages 104-120, January.
    12. Georgios Pallas & Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg & Jeroen B. Guinée & Reinout Heijungs & Martina G. Vijver, 2018. "Green and Clean: Reviewing the Justification of Claims for Nanomaterials from a Sustainability Point of View," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-17, March.
    13. Azzopardi, B. & Mutale, J., 2010. "Life cycle analysis for future photovoltaic systems using hybrid solar cells," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 1130-1134, April.
    14. Lizin, Sebastien & Leroy, Julie & Delvenne, Catherine & Dijk, Marc & De Schepper, Ellen & Van Passel, Steven, 2013. "A patent landscape analysis for organic photovoltaic solar cells: Identifying the technology's development phase," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 5-11.
    15. Wang, Hai & Liu, Yong & Xu, Hongmei & Dong, Xian & Shen, Hui & Wang, Yuanhao & Yang, Hongxing, 2009. "An investigation on the novel structure of dye-sensitized solar cell with integrated photoanode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 1635-1638.
    16. Patryk Leda & Adam Idzikowski & Izabela Piasecka & Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos & Tomasz Cierlicki & Marcin Zawada, 2023. "Management of Environmental Life Cycle Impact Assessment of a Photovoltaic Power Plant on the Atmosphere, Water, and Soil Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-26, May.
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