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Potassium supported on zeolite-geopolymer hybrid materials as a new solid base catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil

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  • Supamathanon, Natkanin
  • Boonserm, Kornkanok
  • Osakoo, Nattawut
  • Wittayakun, Jatuporn
  • Prayoonpokarach, Sanchai
  • Chanlek, Narong
  • Dungkaew, Winya

Abstract

The heterogeneous base catalysts were developed from zeolite-geopolymer hybrid material (Zeo-Geo) as a new support for potassium in transesterification of soybean oil. Zeo-Geo was prepared by mixing Al metal, metakaolin, and fumed silica in NaOH solution and curing at 60 °C, 24 h and 110 °C, 12 h. The Zeo-Geo contained a mixed phase of geopolymer and X-type zeolite. The xK/Zeo-Geo with x = 5, 10 or 15 wt% potassium were prepared by impregnation of Zeo-Geo with potassium acetate followed by calcination at 400 °C for 3 h. The phases of potassium were mainly K2O and K2CO3 and the basicity increased with potassium loading. The 15K/Zeo-Geo was the most active catalyst in transesterification of soybean oil with methanol, at 70 °C providing 97.64% biodiesel yield under the optimum condition: reaction time = 3 h, methanol to oil molar ratio = 16:1 and catalyst amount = 2 wt%. The catalyst was reused in 5 cycles without a significant activity loss and leaching of active species. From this study, 15K/Zeo-Geo has a potential for further development in large-scale production.

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  • Supamathanon, Natkanin & Boonserm, Kornkanok & Osakoo, Nattawut & Wittayakun, Jatuporn & Prayoonpokarach, Sanchai & Chanlek, Narong & Dungkaew, Winya, 2023. "Potassium supported on zeolite-geopolymer hybrid materials as a new solid base catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1460-1469.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:202:y:2023:i:c:p:1460-1469
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.12.018
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