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3E analysis and mathematical modelling of garlic drying process in a hybrid solar-electric dryer

Author

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  • Hadibi, Tarik
  • Boubekri, Abdelghani
  • Mennouche, Djamel
  • Benhamza, Abderrahmane
  • Abdenouri, Naji

Abstract

The current study aims to explore the hybrid solar-electric drying (HSED) of garlic cloves, tests were carried out at three different temperatures 50, 60 and 70 °C under natural convection mode and forced convection mode. Drying air velocity of 4.1 and 6.9 m s−1 have been studied experimentally in forced convection mode. Midilli-Kucuk model can be used to predict the drying behaviour of garlic cloves. The energy payback time of the forced convection dryer are 0.62 and 0.32 years and the net CO2 mitigation was 72.61 and 140.81 ton for air velocity of 4.1 and 6.9 m s−1, respectively. The highest exergy efficiency of 89.86% was achieved at 50 °C drying temperature in natural convection, with a range of 69.61–89.86%. The highest environmental impact factor of 40.35 was observed for the lowest exergy efficiency. The proposed HSED in Algeria has a significant payback period of only 0.08 years compared to Morocco with 0.7 years. The effect of air velocity on the total phenol compound and 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) was found to be significant, and the highest values were recorded for HSED under natural convection mode. The proposed HSED in Algeria was found to be sustainable both environmentally and economically.

Suggested Citation

  • Hadibi, Tarik & Boubekri, Abdelghani & Mennouche, Djamel & Benhamza, Abderrahmane & Abdenouri, Naji, 2021. "3E analysis and mathematical modelling of garlic drying process in a hybrid solar-electric dryer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 1052-1069.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:170:y:2021:i:c:p:1052-1069
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.02.029
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kong, Decheng & Wang, Yunfeng & Li, Ming & Liang, Jingkang, 2024. "A comprehensive review of hybrid solar dryers integrated with auxiliary energy and units for agricultural products," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    2. Kong, Decheng & Wang, Yunfeng & Li, Ming & Liang, Jingkang, 2022. "Experimental investigation of a novel hybrid drying system powered by a solar photovoltaic/thermal air collector and wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 705-718.
    3. Gu, Xinzhuang & Dai, Jianguo & Li, Haifeng & Dai, Yanjun, 2022. "Experimental and theoretical assessment of a solar assisted heat pump system for in-bin grain drying: A comprehensive case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 426-444.
    4. Hadibi, Tarik & Mennouche, Djamel & Boubekri, Abdelghani & Chouicha, Samira & Arıcı, Müslüm & Yunfeng, Wang & Ming, Li & Fang-ling, Fan, 2023. "Drying characteristic, sustainability, and 4E (energy, exergy, and enviro-economic) analysis of dried date fruits using indirect solar-electric dryer: An experimental investigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    5. Hadibi, Tarik & Boubekri, Abdelghani & Mennouche, Djamel & Benhamza, Abderrahmane & Kumar, Anil & Bensaci, Cheyma & Xiao, Hong-Wei, 2022. "Effect of ventilated solar-geothermal drying on 3E (exergy, energy, and economic analysis), and quality attributes of tomato paste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    6. Badaoui, Ouassila & Djebli, Ahmed & Hanini, Salah, 2022. "Solar drying of apple and orange waste: Evaluation of a new thermodynamic approach, and characterization analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 1593-1605.
    7. Atalay, Halil & Yavaş, Nur & Turhan Çoban, M., 2022. "Sustainability and performance analysis of a solar and wind energy assisted hybrid dryer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 1173-1183.
    8. Hadibi, Tarik & Mennouche, Djamel & Boubekri, Abdelghani & Arıcı, Müslüm & Wang, Yunfeng & Li, Ming & Emam Hassanien, Reda Hassanien & Shirkole, Shivanand S., 2024. "Experimental investigation, performance analysis, and optimization of hot air convective drying of date fruits via response surface methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    9. Atalay, Halil, 2022. "Exergoeconomic and environmental impact evaluation of wind energy assisted hybrid solar dryer and conventional solar dryer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1416-1425.
    10. Mellalou, Abderrahman & Riad, Walid & Bacaoui, Abdelaziz & Outzourhit, Abdelkader, 2023. "Impact of the greenhouse drying modes of two-phase olive pomace on the energy, exergy, economic and environmental (4E) performance indicators," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 229-250.
    11. Sharshir, Swellam W. & Joseph, Abanob & Elsayad, Mamoun M. & Hamed, Mofreh H. & Kandeal, A.W., 2024. "Thermo-enviroeconomic assessment of a solar dryer of two various commodities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    12. Lehmad, Manal & Hidra, Nawfal & Lhomme, Patrick & Mghazli, Safa & EL Hachimi, Youssef & Abdenouri, Naji, 2024. "Environmental, economic and quality assessment of hybrid solar-electric drying of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).

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