IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v163y2021icp1942-1950.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy and exergy analysis of the drying of corn grains

Author

Listed:
  • Silva, Gisele Mol da
  • Ferreira, André Guimarães
  • Coutinho, Rogério Morouço
  • Maia, Cristiana Brasil

Abstract

A mixed cabin solar dryer was designed and tested in Brazil in the spring equinox, for the drying of corn grains. The key advantage of the current design is its ability to work even in locations with no electricity because a photovoltaic module is used to power an electrical heater and fans. The analysis of the drying process was performed based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. For average solar radiation and ambient temperature of 710 W/m2 and 30 °C, respectively, the average thermal efficiency obtained was 21% and the exergy efficiency ranged between 10% and 66%, with an average value of 23%. It was observed that the corn grains reached the desired moisture content of 13% in 8.5 h, while a similar sample subjected to natural sun drying failed to reach this moisture content in 24 h. The PV module was also used to preheat the drying air, allowing an average increase in the airflow temperature of 14 °C, reaching a maximum of 27 °C.

Suggested Citation

  • Silva, Gisele Mol da & Ferreira, André Guimarães & Coutinho, Rogério Morouço & Maia, Cristiana Brasil, 2021. "Energy and exergy analysis of the drying of corn grains," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1942-1950.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:163:y:2021:i:c:p:1942-1950
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.10.116
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148120316827
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2020.10.116?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Mobli, Hossein & Rafiee, Shahin & Madadlou, Ashkan, 2013. "A review on exergy analysis of drying processes and systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 1-22.
    2. Al-Waeli, Ali H.A. & Sopian, K. & Kazem, Hussein A. & Chaichan, Miqdam T., 2017. "Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) systems: Status and future prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 109-130.
    3. Augustus Leon, M. & Kumar, S. & Bhattacharya, S. C., 2002. "A comprehensive procedure for performance evaluation of solar food dryers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 367-393, August.
    4. Mustayen, A.G.M.B. & Mekhilef, S. & Saidur, R., 2014. "Performance study of different solar dryers: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 463-470.
    5. Assoa, Ya Brigitte & Sauzedde, François & Boillot, Benjamin & Boddaert, Simon, 2017. "Development of a building integrated solar photovoltaic/thermal hybrid drying system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 755-767.
    6. Zoukit, Ahmed & El Ferouali, Hicham & Salhi, Issam & Doubabi, Said & Abdenouri, Naji, 2019. "Takagi Sugeno fuzzy modeling applied to an indirect solar dryer operated in both natural and forced convection," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 849-860.
    7. Kumar, Mahesh & Sansaniwal, Sunil Kumar & Khatak, Pankaj, 2016. "Progress in solar dryers for drying various commodities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 346-360.
    8. Sonthikun, Sonthawi & Chairat, Phaochinnawat & Fardsin, Kitti & Kirirat, Pairoj & Kumar, Anil & Tekasakul, Perapong, 2016. "Computational fluid dynamic analysis of innovative design of solar-biomass hybrid dryer: An experimental validation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 185-191.
    9. Lamidi, Rasaq. O. & Jiang, L. & Pathare, Pankaj B. & Wang, Y.D. & Roskilly, A.P., 2019. "Recent advances in sustainable drying of agricultural produce: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 367-385.
    10. Eltawil, Mohamed A. & Azam, Mostafa M. & Alghannam, Abdulrahman O., 2018. "Solar PV powered mixed-mode tunnel dryer for drying potato chips," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 594-605.
    11. Yogendrasasidhar, D. & Pydi Setty, Y., 2018. "Drying kinetics, exergy and energy analyses of Kodo millet grains and Fenugreek seeds using wall heated fluidized bed dryer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 799-811.
    12. Aviara, Ndubisi A. & Onuoha, Lovelyn N. & Falola, Oluwakemi E. & Igbeka, Joseph C., 2014. "Energy and exergy analyses of native cassava starch drying in a tray dryer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 809-817.
    13. Hepbasli, Arif, 2008. "A key review on exergetic analysis and assessment of renewable energy resources for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 593-661, April.
    14. Celma, A.R. & Cuadros, F., 2009. "Energy and exergy analyses of OMW solar drying process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 660-666.
    15. Rabha, D.K. & Muthukumar, P. & Somayaji, C., 2017. "Energy and exergy analyses of the solar drying processes of ghost chilli pepper and ginger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 764-773.
    16. Lingayat, Abhay Bhanudas & Chandramohan, V.P. & Raju, V.R.K. & Meda, Venkatesh, 2020. "A review on indirect type solar dryers for agricultural crops – Dryer setup, its performance, energy storage and important highlights," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    17. El Hage, Hicham & Herez, Amal & Ramadan, Mohamad & Bazzi, Hassan & Khaled, Mahmoud, 2018. "An investigation on solar drying: A review with economic and environmental assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 815-829.
    18. Karthikeyan, A.K. & Murugavelh, S., 2018. "Thin layer drying kinetics and exergy analysis of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in a mixed mode forced convection solar tunnel dryer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 305-312.
    19. Maia, Cristiana Brasil & Ferreira, André Guimarães & Cabezas-Gómez, Luben & de Oliveira Castro Silva, Janaína & de Morais Hanriot, Sérgio, 2017. "Thermodynamic analysis of the drying process of bananas in a small-scale solar updraft tower in Brazil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 1005-1012.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gu, Xinzhuang & Dai, Jianguo & Li, Haifeng & Dai, Yanjun, 2022. "Experimental and theoretical assessment of a solar assisted heat pump system for in-bin grain drying: A comprehensive case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 426-444.
    2. Das, Hirakh Jyoti & Saikia, Rituraj & Mahanta, Pinakeswar, 2023. "Thermo-economic assessment of bubbling fluidized bed paddy dryers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    3. Li, Chengjie & Chen, Yifu & Zhang, Xuefeng & Mozafari, Ghazaleh & Fang, Zhuangdong & Cao, Yankai & Li, Changyou, 2022. "Exergy analysis and optimisation of an industrial-scale circulation counter-flow paddy drying process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    4. Gupta, Ankur & Das, Biplab & Biswas, Agnimitra & Mondol, Jayanta Deb, 2022. "Sustainability and 4E analysis of novel solar photovoltaic-thermal solar dryer under forced and natural convection drying," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 1008-1021.
    5. Visarion Cătălin Ifrim & Laurențiu Dan Milici & Pavel Atănăsoae & Daniela Irimia & Radu Dumitru Pentiuc, 2022. "Future Research Tendencies and Possibilities of Using Cogeneration Applications of Solar Air Heaters: A Bibliometric Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-24, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maia, Cristiana Brasil & Ferreira, André Guimarães & Cabezas-Gómez, Luben & de Oliveira Castro Silva, Janaína & de Morais Hanriot, Sérgio, 2017. "Thermodynamic analysis of the drying process of bananas in a small-scale solar updraft tower in Brazil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 1005-1012.
    2. Kong, Decheng & Wang, Yunfeng & Li, Ming & Liang, Jingkang, 2024. "A comprehensive review of hybrid solar dryers integrated with auxiliary energy and units for agricultural products," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    3. Shiva Gorjian & Behnam Hosseingholilou & Laxmikant D. Jathar & Haniyeh Samadi & Samiran Samanta & Atul A. Sagade & Karunesh Kant & Ravishankar Sathyamurthy, 2021. "Recent Advancements in Technical Design and Thermal Performance Enhancement of Solar Greenhouse Dryers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-32, June.
    4. Dake, Rock Aymar & N’Tsoukpoe, Kokouvi Edem & Kuznik, Frédéric & Lèye, Babacar & Ouédraogo, Igor W.K., 2021. "A review on the use of sorption materials in solar dryers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 965-979.
    5. Chandrasekar, M. & Senthilkumar, T. & Kumaragurubaran, B. & Fernandes, J. Peter, 2018. "Experimental investigation on a solar dryer integrated with condenser unit of split air conditioner (A/C) for enhancing drying rate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 375-381.
    6. Erick César, López-Vidaña & Ana Lilia, César-Munguía & Octavio, García-Valladares & Orlando, Salgado Sandoval & Alfredo, Domínguez Niño, 2021. "Energy and exergy analyses of a mixed-mode solar dryer of pear slices (Pyrus communis L)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    7. Ekka, Jasinta Poonam & Bala, Krishnendu & Muthukumar, P. & Kanaujiya, Dipak Kumar, 2020. "Performance analysis of a forced convection mixed mode horizontal solar cabinet dryer for drying of black ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) using two successive air mass flow rates," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 55-66.
    8. Ortiz-Rodríguez, N.M. & Marín-Camacho, J.F. & González, A. Llamas- & García-Valladares, O., 2021. "Drying kinetics of natural rubber sheets under two solar thermal drying systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1), pages 438-454.
    9. Wengang Hao & Shuonan Liu & Baoqi Mi & Yanhua Lai, 2020. "Mathematical Modeling and Performance Analysis of a New Hybrid Solar Dryer of Lemon Slices for Controlling Drying Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-23, January.
    10. Lamidi, Rasaq. O. & Jiang, L. & Pathare, Pankaj B. & Wang, Y.D. & Roskilly, A.P., 2019. "Recent advances in sustainable drying of agricultural produce: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 367-385.
    11. EL-Mesery, Hany S. & EL-Seesy, Ahmed I. & Hu, Zicheng & Li, Yang, 2022. "Recent developments in solar drying technology of food and agricultural products: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    12. Liu, Zi-Liang & Zielinska, Magdalena & Yang, Xu-Hai & Yu, Xian-Long & Chen, Chang & Wang, Hui & Wang, Jun & Pan, Zhongli & Xiao, Hong-Wei, 2021. "Moisturizing strategy for enhanced convective drying of mushroom slices," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 728-739.
    13. Ceylin Şirin & Fatih Selimefendigil & Hakan Fehmi Öztop, 2023. "Performance Analysis and Identification of an Indirect Photovoltaic Thermal Dryer with Aluminum Oxide Nano-Embedded Thermal Energy Storage Modification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-27, January.
    14. Rabha, D.K. & Muthukumar, P. & Somayaji, C., 2017. "Energy and exergy analyses of the solar drying processes of ghost chilli pepper and ginger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 764-773.
    15. El Hage, Hicham & Herez, Amal & Ramadan, Mohamad & Bazzi, Hassan & Khaled, Mahmoud, 2018. "An investigation on solar drying: A review with economic and environmental assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 815-829.
    16. Atalay, Halil, 2019. "Comparative assessment of solar and heat pump dryers with regards to exergy and exergoeconomic performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    17. Zoukit, Ahmed & El Ferouali, Hicham & Salhi, Issam & Doubabi, Said & Abdenouri, Naji, 2019. "Simulation, design and experimental performance evaluation of an innovative hybrid solar-gas dryer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    18. Saini, Raj Kumar & Saini, Devender Kumar & Gupta, Rajeev & Verma, Piush & Thakur, Robin & Kumar, Sushil & wassouf, Ali, 2023. "Technological development in solar dryers from 2016 to 2021-A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    19. Hamed Karami & Mohammad Kaveh & Iman Golpour & Esmail Khalife & Robert Rusinek & Bohdan Dobrzański & Marek Gancarz, 2021. "Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Forced Convective Hybrid-Solar Dryer during Drying Process of Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Leaves," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-17, September.
    20. Atalay, Halil, 2019. "Performance analysis of a solar dryer integrated with the packed bed thermal energy storage (TES) system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1037-1052.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:163:y:2021:i:c:p:1942-1950. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.