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Experimental and numerical study of a prototype Francis turbine startup

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  • Unterluggauer, Julian
  • Sulzgruber, Verena
  • Doujak, Eduard
  • Bauer, Christian

Abstract

Nowadays, the dynamical energy market in Europe requires fast response times and advanced grid control. As a result, Francis turbine runners are subject to complex hydrodynamic forces based on low-load flow phenomena. However, transient events and in particular the turbine startup is considered as the most damaging operating condition. Therefore, experimental and numerical methods are combined to investigate the behavior of a prototype Francis turbine runner during startup. In the experimental part of the study dynamical stress is obtained by strain gauges and used to predict the runner lifetime. Additional to the conventional startup, a second scheme aiming for a higher life expectancy by reducing the opening limit is tested. The experimental part reveal high stress amplitudes during the fast opening process of the guide vanes. The reason therefore is a counter rotating draft tube vortex formation which is discovers by the use of numerical simulation. These 3 up to 4 small vortices are inducing unsteady pressure pulsations at approximately 36 Hz. With the application of the second startup schema, a reduction of the stress amplitudes of around 17% is archived. It is verified that the change of the startup schema can significantly impact the runner lifetime.

Suggested Citation

  • Unterluggauer, Julian & Sulzgruber, Verena & Doujak, Eduard & Bauer, Christian, 2020. "Experimental and numerical study of a prototype Francis turbine startup," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 1212-1221.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:157:y:2020:i:c:p:1212-1221
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.156
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rehman, Shafiqur & Al-Hadhrami, Luai M. & Alam, Md. Mahbub, 2015. "Pumped hydro energy storage system: A technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 586-598.
    2. Julian Unterluggauer & Anton Maly & Eduard Doujak, 2019. "Investigation on the Impact of Air Admission in a Prototype Francis Turbine at Low-Load Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-19, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhumei Luo & Cong Nie & Shunli Lv & Tao Guo & Suoming Gao, 2022. "The Effect of J-Groove on Vortex Suppression and Energy Dissipation in a Draft Tube of Francis Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Eduard Doujak & Anton Maly & Julian Unterluggauer & Franz Haller & Michael Maier & Christian Blasbichler & Simon Stadler, 2023. "Fatigue Strength Analysis of a Prototype Francis Turbine in a Multilevel Lifetime Assessment Procedure Part III: Instrumentation and Prototype Site Measurement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-39, August.
    3. Alerci, A.L. & Vagnoni, E. & Paolone, M., 2023. "Structural impact of the start-up sequence on Pelton turbines lifetime: Analytical prediction and polynomial optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    4. Raluca Gabriela Iovănel & Arash Soltani Dehkharqani & Diana Maria Bucur & Michel Jose Cervantes, 2022. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of a Kaplan Prototype Turbine Operating on a Cam Curve," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-24, June.
    5. Salehi, Saeed & Nilsson, Håkan, 2022. "Flow-induced pulsations in Francis turbines during startup - A consequence of an intermittent energy system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 1166-1183.
    6. Salehi, Saeed & Nilsson, Håkan & Lillberg, Eric & Edh, Nicolas, 2021. "An in-depth numerical analysis of transient flow field in a Francis turbine during shutdown," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 2322-2347.
    7. Sun, Longgang & Xu, Hongyang & Li, Chenxi & Guo, Pengcheng & Xu, Zhuofei, 2024. "Unsteady assessment and alleviation of inter-blade vortex in Francis turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 358(C).
    8. Su, Wen-Tao & Binama, Maxime & Li, Yang & Zhao, Yue, 2020. "Study on the method of reducing the pressure fluctuation of hydraulic turbine by optimizing the draft tube pressure distribution," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 550-560.

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