IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reensy/v226y2022ics0951832022002885.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Modelling cyber resilience in a water treatment and distribution system

Author

Listed:
  • Patriarca, Riccardo
  • Simone, Francesco
  • Di Gravio, Giulio

Abstract

Considering the increasing introduction of cyber-physical systems in modern industrial plants, the analysis of systems’ performance pushes for developing a cyber resilience perspective to complement a traditional physical resilience assessment. This point of view becomes central for critical infrastructures, considering the potential societal and economic consequences a disruption may have. This work provides a cyber-resilience simulation-based assessment for a seawater desalination plant and its connected distribution system. For this purpose, a digital twin has been developed. It integrates a MATLAB/Simulink model of the reverse osmosis treatment plant with a georeferenced water distribution network designed in EPANET. Four stochastic cyber resilience metrics have been proposed and computed to assess the impact of a successful replay cyber attack. The results exemplify the benefits of cyber-physical simulations to understand the behavior of modern water treatment plants, to identify system's criticalities, and eventually to support decision making by identifying hotspots and prioritizing mitigating actions.

Suggested Citation

  • Patriarca, Riccardo & Simone, Francesco & Di Gravio, Giulio, 2022. "Modelling cyber resilience in a water treatment and distribution system," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:226:y:2022:i:c:s0951832022002885
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2022.108653
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832022002885
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ress.2022.108653?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giudicianni, Carlo & Herrera, Manuel & Di Nardo, Armando & Oliva, Gabriele & Scala, Antonio, 2021. "The faster the better: On the shortest paths role for near real-time decision making of water utilities," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    2. Ron Martin, 2012. "Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 12(1), pages 1-32, January.
    3. Igor Linkov & Cate Fox‐Lent & Laura Read & Craig R. Allen & James C. Arnott & Emanuele Bellini & Jon Coaffee & Marie‐Valentine Florin & Kirk Hatfield & Iain Hyde & William Hynes & Aleksandar Jovanovic, 2018. "Tiered Approach to Resilience Assessment," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(9), pages 1772-1780, September.
    4. Cavalcante, Cristiano A.V. & Lopes, Rodrigo S. & Scarf, Philip A., 2021. "Inspection and replacement policy with a fixed periodic schedule," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    5. Hosseini, Seyedmohsen & Barker, Kash & Ramirez-Marquez, Jose E., 2016. "A review of definitions and measures of system resilience," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 47-61.
    6. S. E. Galaitsi & Jeffrey M. Keisler & Benjamin D. Trump & Igor Linkov, 2021. "The Need to Reconcile Concepts that Characterize Systems Facing Threats," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 41(1), pages 3-15, January.
    7. Poulin, Craig & Kane, Michael B., 2021. "Infrastructure resilience curves: Performance measures and summary metrics," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    8. Wang, Wei & Di Maio, Francesco & Zio, Enrico, 2020. "Considering the human operator cognitive process for the interpretation of diagnostic outcomes related to component failures and cyber security attacks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    9. Bilal M. Ayyub, 2014. "Systems Resilience for Multihazard Environments: Definition, Metrics, and Valuation for Decision Making," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(2), pages 340-355, February.
    10. Lee, Seulbi & Choi, Minji & Lee, Hyun-Soo & Park, Moonseo, 2020. "Bayesian network-based seismic damage estimation for power and potable water supply systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    11. Di Gravio, Giulio & Mancini, Maurizio & Patriarca, Riccardo & Costantino, Francesco, 2015. "Overall safety performance of the air traffic management system: Indicators and analysis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 44, pages 65-69.
    12. Yacov Y. Haimes, 2009. "On the Definition of Resilience in Systems," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(4), pages 498-501, April.
    13. Terje Aven, 2019. "The Call for a Shift from Risk to Resilience: What Does it Mean?," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(6), pages 1196-1203, June.
    14. Igor Linkov & Daniel A. Eisenberg & Kenton Plourde & Thomas P. Seager & Julia Allen & Alex Kott, 2013. "Resilience metrics for cyber systems," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 471-476, December.
    15. Ouyang, Min, 2014. "Review on modeling and simulation of interdependent critical infrastructure systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 43-60.
    16. Kim, Hee Eun & Son, Han Seong & Kim, Jonghyun & Kang, Hyun Gook, 2017. "Systematic development of scenarios caused by cyber-attack-induced human errors in nuclear power plants," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 290-301.
    17. Terje Aven, 2011. "On Some Recent Definitions and Analysis Frameworks for Risk, Vulnerability, and Resilience," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 515-522, April.
    18. Zio, Enrico, 2016. "Challenges in the vulnerability and risk analysis of critical infrastructures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 137-150.
    19. Guidotti, Roberto & Gardoni, Paolo & Rosenheim, Nathanael, 2019. "Integration of physical infrastructure and social systems in communities’ reliability and resilience analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 476-492.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Fakhrul Safitra & Muharman Lubis & Hanif Fakhrurroja, 2023. "Counterattacking Cyber Threats: A Framework for the Future of Cybersecurity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-32, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Xing & Fang, Yi-Ping & Zio, Enrico, 2021. "A Hierarchical Resilience Enhancement Framework for Interdependent Critical Infrastructures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    2. Trucco, Paolo & Petrenj, Boris, 2023. "Characterisation of resilience metrics in full-scale applications to interdependent infrastructure systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    3. Liu, Xing & Ferrario, Elisa & Zio, Enrico, 2019. "Identifying resilient-important elements in interdependent critical infrastructures by sensitivity analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 423-434.
    4. Jingjing Kong & Slobodan P. Simonovic, 2019. "Probabilistic Multiple Hazard Resilience Model of an Interdependent Infrastructure System," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(8), pages 1843-1863, August.
    5. Terje Aven, 2019. "The Call for a Shift from Risk to Resilience: What Does it Mean?," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(6), pages 1196-1203, June.
    6. Shital A. Thekdi & Joost Santos, 2019. "Decision‐Making Analytics Using Plural Resilience Parameters for Adaptive Management of Complex Systems," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(4), pages 871-889, April.
    7. Jingjing Kong & Slobodan P. Simonovic & Chao Zhang, 2019. "Sequential Hazards Resilience of Interdependent Infrastructure System: A Case Study of Greater Toronto Area Energy Infrastructure System," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(5), pages 1141-1168, May.
    8. Adrian J. Hickford & Simon P. Blainey & Alejandro Ortega Hortelano & Raghav Pant, 2018. "Resilience engineering: theory and practice in interdependent infrastructure systems," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 38(3), pages 278-291, September.
    9. Ivo Häring & Mirjam Fehling-Kaschek & Natalie Miller & Katja Faist & Sebastian Ganter & Kushal Srivastava & Aishvarya Kumar Jain & Georg Fischer & Kai Fischer & Jörg Finger & Alexander Stolz & Tobias , 2021. "A performance-based tabular approach for joint systematic improvement of risk control and resilience applied to telecommunication grid, gas network, and ultrasound localization system," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 286-329, June.
    10. Almoghathawi, Yasser & Barker, Kash & Albert, Laura A., 2019. "Resilience-driven restoration model for interdependent infrastructure networks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 12-23.
    11. R. Cantelmi & G. Di Gravio & R. Patriarca, 2021. "Reviewing qualitative research approaches in the context of critical infrastructure resilience," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 341-376, September.
    12. Kong, Jingjing & Zhang, Chao & Simonovic, Slobodan P., 2021. "Optimizing the resilience of interdependent infrastructures to regional natural hazards with combined improvement measures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    13. Zio, E., 2018. "The future of risk assessment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 176-190.
    14. Dubaniowski, Mateusz Iwo & Heinimann, Hans Rudolf, 2021. "Framework for modeling interdependencies between households, businesses, and infrastructure system, and their response to disruptions—application," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    15. Yifan Yang & S. Thomas Ng & Frank J. Xu & Martin Skitmore & Shenghua Zhou, 2019. "Towards Resilient Civil Infrastructure Asset Management: An Information Elicitation and Analytical Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-24, August.
    16. Mottahedi, Adel & Sereshki, Farhang & Ataei, Mohammad & Qarahasanlou, Ali Nouri & Barabadi, Abbas, 2021. "Resilience estimation of critical infrastructure systems: Application of expert judgment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    17. Liu, Wei & Song, Zhaoyang, 2020. "Review of studies on the resilience of urban critical infrastructure networks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    18. Chao Fang & Piao Dong & Yi-Ping Fang & Enrico Zio, 2020. "Vulnerability analysis of critical infrastructure under disruptions: An application to China Railway High-speed," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 234(2), pages 235-245, April.
    19. Li, Yulong & Lin, Jie & Zhang, Chi & Zhu, Huaxing & Zeng, Saixing & Sun, Chengshaung, 2022. "Joint optimization of structure and protection of interdependent infrastructure networks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 218(PB).
    20. Bhandari, Pratik & Creighton, Douglas & Gong, Jinzhe & Boyle, Carol & Law, Kris M.Y., 2023. "Evolution of cyber-physical-human water systems: Challenges and gaps," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:226:y:2022:i:c:s0951832022002885. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/reliability-engineering-and-system-safety .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.