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Substance flow analysis of chromium and nickel in the material flow of stainless steel in Japan

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  • Daigo, Ichiro
  • Matsuno, Yasunari
  • Adachi, Yoshihiro

Abstract

This paper dynamically analyzes the Japanese material flow of stainless steel. The substance flow analysis of Cr and Ni associated with stainless steel was conducted by classifying the material flow of stainless steel into two main alloy types: ferritic and austenitic. The substance flow covered more than 80% of Cr and Ni consumption in Japan. In mass balances of Cr and Ni, the production of not only stainless steel but also other alloying steels containing Cr and/or Ni was taken into account. The mass balances of three elements (Fe, Cr, and Ni) provided complementary information for confirmation of our estimations. As a result of dynamic analysis, the in-use stock of ferritics and austenitics at the end of the year 2005 was 4Tg and 14Tg, respectively, which converts to 3Tg of Cr and 1Tg of Ni. In addition, the recycling flow was closely analyzed. From the result for the year 2005, the recycling rates as stainless steel scrap were estimated as 21–38% for ferritics and 94–100% for austenitics. The amount of ferritics scrap to be recycled as carbon steel was quantified as well. By comparing our results with those in previous studies, we found that applying parameters obtained in other countries may be misleading, especially in recycling flows.

Suggested Citation

  • Daigo, Ichiro & Matsuno, Yasunari & Adachi, Yoshihiro, 2010. "Substance flow analysis of chromium and nickel in the material flow of stainless steel in Japan," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(11), pages 851-863.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:54:y:2010:i:11:p:851-863
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.01.004
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    1. van der Voet, Ester & Kleijn, Rene & Huele, Ruben & Ishikawa, Masanobu & Verkuijlen, Evert, 2002. "Predicting future emissions based on characteristics of stocks," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 223-234, May.
    2. Spatari, S. & Bertram, M. & Gordon, Robert B. & Henderson, K. & Graedel, T.E., 2005. "Twentieth century copper stocks and flows in North America: A dynamic analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(1), pages 37-51, July.
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    4. Diener, Derek L. & Tillman, Anne-Marie, 2016. "Scrapping steel components for recycling—Isn’t that good enough? Seeking improvements in automotive component end-of-life," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 48-60.
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    6. Gauffin, Alicia & Andersson, Nils Å.I. & Storm, Per & Tilliander, Anders & Jönsson, Pär G., 2017. "Time-varying losses in material flows of steel using dynamic material flow models," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 70-83.
    7. Wang, Xingxing & Wang, Anjian & Zhong, Weiqiong & Zhu, Depeng & Wang, Chunhui, 2022. "Analysis of international nickel flow based on the industrial chain," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    8. Huang, Chu-Long & Vause, Jonathan & Ma, Hwong-Wen & Yu, Chang-Ping, 2012. "Using material/substance flow analysis to support sustainable development assessment: A literature review and outlook," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 104-116.
    9. Liu, Meng & Li, Huajiao & Zhou, Jinsheng & Feng, Sida & Wang, Yanli & Wang, Xingxing, 2022. "Analysis of material flow among multiple phases of cobalt industrial chain based on a complex network," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).

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