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A phase-transition model for the rise and collapse of ancient civilizations: A pre-ceramic Andean case study

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  • Flores, J.C.

Abstract

For ancient civilizations, the shift from disorder to organized urban settlements is viewed as a phase-transition simile. The number of monumental constructions, assumed to be a signature of civilization processes, corresponds to the order parameter, and effective connectivity becomes related to the control parameter. Based on parameter estimations from archaeological and paleo-climatological data, this study analyzes the rise and fall of the ancient Caral civilization on the South Pacific coast during a period of small ENSO fluctuations (approximately 4500 BP). Other examples considered include civilizations on Easter Island and the Maya Lowlands. This work considers a typical nonlinear third order evolution equation and numerical simulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Flores, J.C., 2015. "A phase-transition model for the rise and collapse of ancient civilizations: A pre-ceramic Andean case study," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 440(C), pages 155-160.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:440:y:2015:i:c:p:155-160
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2015.08.025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christopher M. Moy & Geoffrey O. Seltzer & Donald T. Rodbell & David M. Anderson, 2002. "Variability of El Niño/Southern Oscillation activity at millennial timescales during the Holocene epoch," Nature, Nature, vol. 420(6912), pages 162-165, November.
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