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Shrimp aquaculture as a vehicle for Climate Compatible Development in Sri Lanka. The case of Puttalam Lagoon

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  • Harkes, I.H.T.
  • Drengstig, A.
  • Kumara, M.P.
  • Jayasinghe, J.M.P.K.
  • Huxham, M.

Abstract

At present, aquaculture of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the Puttalam district of Sri Lanka is unsustainable with more than 90% of the former shrimp ponds laying abandoned as a result of shrimp disease and improper management. Between 1992 and 1998, over 50% of the mangrove cover was removed in order to establish shrimp aquaculture. This severely affected the functioning of coastal ecosystems, reducing their provision of useful services and increasing coastal vulnerability to climate change. Changes in the hydrology and polluted residual matter make the soil unsuitable for other agricultural purposes without costly restoration. The root of the problem was inappropriate management and a focus on short term economic gains. Despite this previous failure, the national development plan, Mahinda Chinthana, now promotes aquaculture as an avenue for development. This will only be possible if aquaculture is regulated in a sustainable and well-managed manner, and does not increase local vulnerability to climate change effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Harkes, I.H.T. & Drengstig, A. & Kumara, M.P. & Jayasinghe, J.M.P.K. & Huxham, M., 2015. "Shrimp aquaculture as a vehicle for Climate Compatible Development in Sri Lanka. The case of Puttalam Lagoon," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 273-283.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:marpol:v:61:y:2015:i:c:p:273-283
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2015.08.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Silva, E. I. L. & Katupotha, J. & Amarasinghe, O. & Manthrithilake, Herath & Ariyaratne, Ranjith, 2013. "Lagoons of Sri Lanka: from the origins to the present," IWMI Books, Reports H046256, International Water Management Institute.
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    3. De Silva, K.G.H.M., 1991. "The predicament of the freshwater fisheries and aquaculture of Sri Lanka," Naga, The WorldFish Center, vol. 14(1), pages 6-7.
    4. Galappaththi, Eranga K. & Berkes, Fikret, 2015. "Can co-management emerge spontaneously? Collaborative management in Sri Lankan shrimp aquaculture," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1-8.
    5. Peter J. Mumby & Alasdair J. Edwards & J. Ernesto Arias-González & Kenyon C. Lindeman & Paul G. Blackwell & Angela Gall & Malgosia I. Gorczynska & Alastair R. Harborne & Claire L. Pescod & Henk Renken, 2004. "Mangroves enhance the biomass of coral reef fish communities in the Caribbean," Nature, Nature, vol. 427(6974), pages 533-536, February.
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    1. Giovanni Pilato & Susannah M. Sallu & Marta Gaworek-Michalczenia, 2018. "Assessing the Integration of Climate Change and Development Strategies at Local Levels: Insights from Muheza District, Tanzania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-25, January.

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