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The missing T. Path dependency within an individual vessel quota system -- the case of Norwegian cod fisheries

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  • Hersoug, Bjørn
  • Holm, Petter
  • Rånes, Stein Arne

Abstract

Introducing ITQs is more than "getting the incentives right". Normally, it entails a long and complicated political process, where the end result is far from predictable even if authorities and fishermen start out with a common goal. The Norwegian experience in the coastal cod fishery is a particularly interesting case in point. An attempt of introducing an ITQ system in the early 1990s failed. Instead, a system of non-transferable IVQs were established in 1990 on a provisional basis. Regardless of the explicit rejection of ITQs by the Norwegian Parliament, the IVQ system in practice seems to entail a system similar to the original ITQ model. Having introduced the "I" and the "Q", the missing "T" appears to be only a matter of time, in a path-dependent development. Here this development is analysed in a nested systems perspective, whereby political and economic interests are considered as operating in separate but not independent systems. The key to understanding the Norwegian case is the creation of a privileged constituency which gradually changes its perception (from open access to closed entry) and hence influences also the political level. Subsequent events like the introduction of distribution keys and the use of unit quotas seem to underpin this development. Even if transferability is limited to vessels with accompanying quotas, the logic of an ITQ system still applies. If this leads to the survival of the most efficient, is, in the Norwegian case, still an open question. The lesson is that institutions matter but politics matters even more!

Suggested Citation

  • Hersoug, Bjørn & Holm, Petter & Rånes, Stein Arne, 2000. "The missing T. Path dependency within an individual vessel quota system -- the case of Norwegian cod fisheries," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(4), pages 319-330, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:marpol:v:24:y:2000:i:4:p:319-330
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    Cited by:

    1. Aranda, Martin & Murillas, Arantza, 2015. "Allocation of fishing possibilities, incentives and outcomes: Insights from Basque fishermen's organisations in Spain," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 171-178.
    2. Foley, Paul & Mather, Charles & Neis, Barbara, 2015. "Governing enclosure for coastal communities: Social embeddedness in a Canadian shrimp fishery," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 390-400.
    3. Quaas, Martin F. & van Soest, Daan & Baumgärtner, Stefan, 2013. "Complementarity, impatience, and the resilience of natural-resource-dependent economies," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 15-32.
    4. Keita Abe & Linda Nøstbakken & Mads Fjeld Wold, 2024. "Quota Consolidation in Norwegian Coastal Fisheries," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 87(5), pages 1295-1326, May.
    5. Andries Richter & Anne Maria Eikeset & Daan Soest & Florian Klaus Diekert & Nils Chr. Stenseth, 2018. "Optimal Management Under Institutional Constraints: Determining a Total Allowable Catch for Different Fleet Segments in the Northeast Arctic Cod Fishery," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 69(4), pages 811-835, April.

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