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Assessing advanced rare earth element-bearing deposits for industrial demand in the EU

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  • Machacek, Erika
  • Kalvig, Per

Abstract

This article examines proposed REE-product volume supply from six advanced rare earth-bearing mineral exploration projects, two of which in Greenland, for REE demand by industrial users in the EU. A methodology is developed which draws on supply chains and published feasibility studies, emphasizing timely data certainty as significant factor of exploration project feasibility. For 2014, our findings for the Greenlandic project exploration proposals reveal that Kvanefjeld would significantly exceed EU demand except for Eu, on which it would undersupply. In contrast, Kringlerne would undersupply on La, Ce and Pr, oversupply on Nd and Y, and on all heavy REE with the exception of Eu. Various disparities between the proposed REE supply from Australian, Canadian and South African projects and EU demand in 2014 are also noted.

Suggested Citation

  • Machacek, Erika & Kalvig, Per, 2016. "Assessing advanced rare earth element-bearing deposits for industrial demand in the EU," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 186-203.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jrpoli:v:49:y:2016:i:c:p:186-203
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.05.004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mancheri, Nabeel A., 2015. "World trade in rare earths, Chinese export restrictions, and implications," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(P2), pages 262-271.
    2. Massari, Stefania & Ruberti, Marcello, 2013. "Rare earth elements as critical raw materials: Focus on international markets and future strategies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 36-43.
    3. Xiaoyue Du & T. E. Graedel, 2011. "Global Rare Earth In‐Use Stocks in NdFeB Permanent Magnets," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 15(6), pages 836-843, December.
    4. Golev, Artem & Scott, Margaretha & Erskine, Peter D. & Ali, Saleem H. & Ballantyne, Grant R., 2014. "Rare earths supply chains: Current status, constraints and opportunities," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 52-59.
    5. Machacek, Erika & Fold, Niels, 2014. "Alternative value chains for rare earths: The Anglo-deposit developers," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 53-64.
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    Cited by:

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