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School site walkability and active school transport – association, mediation and moderation

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  • Christiansen, Lars B.
  • Toftager, Mette
  • Schipperijn, Jasper
  • Ersbøll, Annette K.
  • Giles-Corti, Billie
  • Troelsen, Jens

Abstract

Increasing active school transport (AST) can improve population health, but its association with the urban form is not fully clear. This study investigated the association of an objective school walkability index with AST and how this association is mediated by the perceived physical and social environment. 1250 Danish students aged 11–13years completed a commuting diary and a questionnaire. The walkability index was constituted of measures of road connectivity, traffic exposure and residential density. AST’s share in all school trips was 85.4% with little difference between genders. The school walkability index was significantly associated with AST (Medium vs. Low OR 2.68; High vs. Low OR 2.49). Adding the perceived physical and social environment variables improved the model prediction of AST, with no change in the association with the school walkability index. Furthermore, distance to school significantly moderated the association between the school walkability index and AST. This research confirms the association between the urban form surrounding schools and AST. Medium and highly walkable school sites in combination with a distance to school below 2km, no speeding traffic and many paths in the neighborhood was associated with the highest odds ratio for AST.

Suggested Citation

  • Christiansen, Lars B. & Toftager, Mette & Schipperijn, Jasper & Ersbøll, Annette K. & Giles-Corti, Billie & Troelsen, Jens, 2014. "School site walkability and active school transport – association, mediation and moderation," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 7-15.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:34:y:2014:i:c:p:7-15
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.10.012
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Khaled Shaaban & Khadija Abdur-Rouf, 2020. "Assessing Walking and Cycling around Schools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-14, December.
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    5. Wang, Xiaoge & Liu, Ye & Zhu, Chunwu & Yao, Yao & Helbich, Marco, 2022. "Associations between the streetscape built environment and walking to school among primary schoolchildren in Beijing, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    6. Wati, Kala & Tranter, Paul J., 2015. "Spatial and socio-demographic determinants of South East Queensland students’ school cycling," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 23-36.
    7. Adriana Ortegon-Sanchez & Rosemary R. C. McEachan & Alexandra Albert & Chris Cartwright & Nicola Christie & Ashley Dhanani & Shahid Islam & Marcella Ucci & Laura Vaughan, 2021. "Measuring the Built Environment in Studies of Child Health—A Meta-Narrative Review of Associations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-34, October.
    8. Khaled Shaaban & Khadija Abdur-Rouf, 2019. "Development, Validation, and Application of School Audit Tool (SAT): An Effective Instrument for Assessing Traffic Safety and Operation Around Schools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Deanna M. Hoelscher & Leigh Ann Ganzar & Deborah Salvo & Harold W. Kohl & Adriana Pérez & Henry Shelton Brown & Sarah S. Bentley & Erin E. Dooley & Amir Emamian & Casey P. Durand, 2022. "Effects of Large-Scale Municipal Safe Routes to School Infrastructure on Student Active Travel and Physical Activity: Design, Methods, and Baseline Data of the Safe Travel Environment Evaluation in Te," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-17, February.

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