IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/joreco/v61y2021ics0969698921001235.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Retailers’ coalition and quantity discounts under demand uncertainty

Author

Listed:
  • Heydari, Jafar
  • Momeni, Behnam

Abstract

Coalition of retailers is a nowadays phenomenon in retailing channels (RCs) that makes it possible for the retailers to enhance their business performance and respond to the consumers' needs more effectively. This paper discusses the retailers' coalition advantages and challenges in a two-echelon retailing channel consist of one wholesaler and two non-competing retailers who serve the consumers. The model is developed under a classic newsvendor problem where an all-unit quantity discount is offered by the wholesaler. Our investigations are conducted for both homogeneous/heterogeneous retailers under three different scenarios. In the developed models, the retailers start to make a coalition and make a joint order in order to gain more from the offered discount by the wholesaler, and then using a heuristic procedure they allocate the received order to serve their individual markets. The main objective of this study is to analyze and resolve challenges of the retailers' coalition when a quantity discount is offered in order to make them capable to meet consumers' needs in the best possible manner. Three models are developed: (1) no-coalition decentralized scheme, (2) decentralized coalition where the retailers coalesce, and (3) centralized coalition where not only the retailers but the wholesaler participate in the coalition scheme. Our paper contributes to the RC management literature by analyzing the benefits of the retail coalition in taking most advantage from an offered quantity discount. Results demonstrate that the optimal configuration of the retailers' coalition increases profits of both the retailers and the RC in comparison with the no-coalition scenario. Our findings help procurement managers to rethink their ordering policy toward forming coalition to gain more profits and enhance their service level to meet consumers’ needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Heydari, Jafar & Momeni, Behnam, 2021. "Retailers’ coalition and quantity discounts under demand uncertainty," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:joreco:v:61:y:2021:i:c:s0969698921001235
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102557
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969698921001235
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102557?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yong Zhang & Xingyu Yang & Weiguo Zhang & Weiwei Chen, 2020. "Online ordering rules for the multi-period newsvendor problem with quantity discounts," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 288(1), pages 495-524, May.
    2. Algaba, Encarnación & Fragnelli, Vito & Llorca, Natividad & Sánchez-Soriano, Joaquin, 2019. "Horizontal cooperation in a multimodal public transport system: The profit allocation problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 275(2), pages 659-665.
    3. Venegas, Bárbara B. & Ventura, José A., 2018. "A two-stage supply chain coordination mechanism considering price sensitive demand and quantity discounts," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 264(2), pages 524-533.
    4. Yan, Xinghao & Zhao, Hui, 2015. "Inventory sharing and coordination among n independent retailers," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 243(2), pages 576-587.
    5. Zhang, Guoqing & Shi, Jianmai & Chaudhry, Sohail S. & Li, Xindan, 2019. "Multi-period multi-product acquisition planning with uncertain demands and supplier quantity discounts," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 117-140.
    6. Hannan Amoozad Mahdiraji & Kannan Govindan & Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas & Seyed Hossein Razavi Hajiagha, 2014. "Coalition or decentralization: a game-theoretic analysis of a three-echelon supply chain network," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(3), pages 460-485, June.
    7. Pei, Zhi & Wooldridge, Barbara Ross & Swimberghe, Krist R., 2021. "Manufacturer rebate and channel coordination in O2O retailing," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    8. Yong Luo & Shi-zhao Wang & Xiao-chen Sun & Oscar D. Crisalle, 2016. "Analysis of retailers’ coalition stability for supply chain based on LCS and stable set," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(1), pages 170-185, January.
    9. Lau, Amy Hing Ling & Lau, Hon-Shiang & Wang, Jian-Cai, 2007. "Designing a quantity discount scheme for a newsvendor-type product with numerous heterogeneous retailers," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 180(2), pages 585-600, July.
    10. Jafar Heydari & S. Kamal Chaharsooghi & Leila Alipour, 2009. "Animation supply chain modelling and diagnosis: a case study in animation industry of Iran," International Journal of Business Performance and Supply Chain Modelling, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 1(4), pages 319-332.
    11. Jun Li & Xiaoqiang Cai & Yinlian Zeng, 2016. "Cost allocation for less-than-truckload collaboration among perishable product retailers," OR Spectrum: Quantitative Approaches in Management, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research e.V., vol. 38(1), pages 81-117, January.
    12. James V. Jucker & Meir J. Rosenblatt, 1985. "Single‐period inventory models with demand uncertainty and quantity discounts: Behavioral implications and a new solution procedure," Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(4), pages 537-550, November.
    13. Shib Sana & Suresh Goyal, 2015. "$$(Q,r,L)$$ ( Q , r , L ) model for stochastic demand with lead-time dependent partial backlogging," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 233(1), pages 401-410, October.
    14. Benedikt Vos & Birger Raa, 2016. "Vertical and Horizontal Collaboration in Inventory and Transportation," Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, in: Raquel J. Fonseca & Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber & João Telhada (ed.), Computational Management Science, edition 1, pages 99-104, Springer.
    15. Konstantin Kogan, 2019. "Discounting revisited: evolutionary perspectives on competition and coordination in a supply chain with multiple retailers," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 27(1), pages 69-92, March.
    16. Zheng, Qi & Zhou, Li & Fan, Tijun & Ieromonachou, Petros, 2019. "Joint procurement and pricing of fresh produce for multiple retailers with a quantity discount contract," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 16-36.
    17. Guajardo, Mario & Rönnqvist, Mikael & Flisberg, Patrik & Frisk, Mikael, 2018. "Collaborative transportation with overlapping coalitions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 271(1), pages 238-249.
    18. Ulac{s} Özen & Jan Fransoo & Henk Norde & Marco Slikker, 2008. "Cooperation Between Multiple Newsvendors with Warehouses," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 10(2), pages 311-324, February.
    19. Sana, Shib Sankar, 2020. "Price competition between green and non green products under corporate social responsible firm," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mao, Zhixin & Duan, Yongrui & Liu, Wenxia, 2023. "Consumers’ choice of private label considering reference price and moderating effect," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    2. Heydari, Jafar & Bineshpour, Pegah & Walther, Grit & Ülkü, M. Ali, 2022. "Reconciling conflict of interests in a green retailing channel with green sales effort," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    3. Wenxue Ran & Teng Xu, 2023. "Low-Carbon Supply Chain Coordination Based on Carbon Tax and Government Subsidy Policy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-19, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Khorshidvand, Behrooz & Soleimani, Hamed & Sibdari, Soheil & Seyyed Esfahani, Mir Mehdi, 2021. "Revenue management in a multi-level multi-channel supply chain considering pricing, greening, and advertising decisions," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    2. Liu, Jia-Cai & Sheu, Jiuh-Biing & Li, Deng-Feng & Dai, Yong-Wu, 2021. "Collaborative profit allocation schemes for logistics enterprise coalitions with incomplete information," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    3. Schlicher, L. & Dietzenbacher, Bas & Musegaas, Marieke, 2023. "Stable streaming platforms: a cooperative game approach," Research Memorandum 001, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE).
    4. Hezarkhani, Behzad & Slikker, Marco & Van Woensel, Tom, 2018. "Collaborative replenishment in the presence of intermediaries," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(1), pages 135-146.
    5. Biswajit Sarkar & Bikash Koli Dey & Mitali Sarkar & Ali AlArjani, 2021. "A Sustainable Online-to-Offline (O2O) Retailing Strategy for a Supply Chain Management under Controllable Lead Time and Variable Demand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-26, February.
    6. Shuangsheng Wu & Qi Li, 2021. "Emergency Quantity Discount Contract with Suppliers Risk Aversion under Stochastic Price," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(15), pages 1-12, July.
    7. Wang, Min & Zhao, Lindu & Herty, Michael, 2019. "Joint replenishment and carbon trading in fresh food supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 277(2), pages 561-573.
    8. Loe Schlicher & Marco Slikker & Geert-Jan Houtum, 2018. "Pooling of critical, low-utilization resources with unavailability," OR Spectrum: Quantitative Approaches in Management, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research e.V., vol. 40(1), pages 233-263, January.
    9. Bergantiños, Gustavo & Moreno-Ternero, Juan D., 2022. "Monotonicity in sharing the revenues from broadcasting sports leagues," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(1), pages 338-346.
    10. Jin’an He & Shicheng Yin & Fangping Peng, 2024. "Weak aggregating specialist algorithm for online portfolio selection," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 63(6), pages 2405-2434, June.
    11. Hannan Amoozad Mahdiraji & Aliasghar Abbasi Kamardi & Moein Beheshti & Seyed Hossein Razavi Hajiagha & Luis Rocha-Lona, 2022. "Analysing supply chain coordination mechanisms dealing with repurposing challenges during Covid-19 pandemic in an emerging economy: a multi-layer decision making approach," Operations Management Research, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 1341-1360, December.
    12. Coskun, Abdullah & Elmaghraby, Wedad & Karaman, M. Muge & Salman, F. Sibel, 2019. "Relief aid stocking decisions under bilateral agency cooperation," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 147-165.
    13. Wang, Moran & Guo, Xiaolong & Wang, Shouyang, 2022. "Financial hedging in two-stage sustainable commodity supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 303(2), pages 803-818.
    14. Bergantiños, Gustavo & Moreno-Ternero, Juan D., 2020. "Allocating extra revenues from broadcasting sports leagues," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 65-73.
    15. J. Drechsel & A. Kimms, 2010. "The subcoalition-perfect core of cooperative games," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 181(1), pages 591-601, December.
    16. Zhou, Wei & Zhang, Keang & Zhang, Ying & Duan, Yunlong, 2021. "Operation strategies with respect to insurance subsidy optimization for online retailers dealing with large items," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    17. Monami Das Roy & Shib Sankar Sana, 2021. "Inter-dependent lead-time and ordering cost reduction strategy: a supply chain model with quality control, lead-time dependent backorder and price-sensitive stochastic demand," OPSEARCH, Springer;Operational Research Society of India, vol. 58(3), pages 690-710, September.
    18. Frank Karsten & Marco Slikker & Geert‐Jan van Houtum, 2012. "Inventory pooling games for expensive, low‐demand spare parts," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 59(5), pages 311-324, August.
    19. Bimal Kumar Sett & Bikash Koli Dey & Biswajit Sarkar, 2020. "Autonomated Inspection Policy for Smart Factory—An Improved Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-19, October.
    20. Raunaq Srivastav & Pritee Ray, 2020. "Contracts Choice in Retailer-led Supply Chain," International Journal of Business and Economics, School of Management Development, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, vol. 19(1), pages 77-90, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:joreco:v:61:y:2021:i:c:s0969698921001235. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-retailing-and-consumer-services .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.