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The role of gender, education and family in the welfare organization: Disaggregating National Transfer Accounts

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  • Abio, Gemma
  • Patxot, Concepció
  • Souto, Guadalupe
  • Istenič, Tanja

Abstract

In this paper, we extend the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) methodology to obtain the age profiles simultaneously disaggregated by gender, education level and family structure. We present the results for four countries (Austria, Spain, Finland and the UK), analysing the roles of these three dimensions in the both inter and intragenerational distribution of resources. We find interesting differences across countries, some of them related to the degree and age direction of the familiarization of different welfare state regimes. Finland excels as the country with the highest level of public transfers, and in particular for the elderly and for parents of working ages. In Austria, public transfers are also generous for children and the elderly, and there are substantial family benefits. In the UK and Spain, public transfers are much lower and family-related allowances are almost insignificant. Consequently, in Spain, private transfers from parents to children are the highest, while in the UK asset reallocations play a significant role in financing elderly consumption. Overall, our analysis provides interesting insights on how gender, redistribution policies and family structure interact with the welfare organization.

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  • Abio, Gemma & Patxot, Concepció & Souto, Guadalupe & Istenič, Tanja, 2021. "The role of gender, education and family in the welfare organization: Disaggregating National Transfer Accounts," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:joecag:v:20:y:2021:i:c:s2212828x21000414
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2021.100348
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Istenič, Tanja & Vargha, Lili & Sambt, Jože, 2019. "Is there a connection between welfare regimes and inter-age reallocation systems?," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
    2. Concepció Patxot & Elisenda Rentería & Miguel Romero & Guadalupe Souto, 2012. "Measuring the balance of government intervention on forward and backward family transfers using NTA estimates: the modified Lee arrows," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 19(3), pages 442-461, June.
    3. Gemma Abio & Concepció Patxot & Elisenda Rentería & Guadalupe Souto, 2017. "Intergenerational Transfers in Spain: The Role of Education," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 223(4), pages 101-130, December.
    4. Elisenda Rentería & Guadalupe Souto & Iván Mejía-Guevara & Concepció Patxot, 2016. "The Effect of Education on the Demographic Dividend," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 42(4), pages 651-671, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernhard Hammer & Alexia Prskawetz, 2022. "Measuring private transfers between generations and gender: an application of national transfer accounts for Austria 2015," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 49(3), pages 573-599, August.
    2. Oosthuizen, Morné, 2024. "Education and South Africa’s waning demographic dividend," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    3. Spielauer, Martin & Horvath, Thomas & Fink, Marian & Abio, Gemma & Souto, Guadalupe & Patxot, Ció & Istenič, Tanja, 2022. "Measuring the lifecycle impact of welfare state policies in the face of ageing," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1-25.
    4. Mejía-Guevara, Iván & Fuentes, María Estela Rivero, 2024. "Intergenerational paid and unpaid labor production and consumption inequality by gender in Mexico," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    5. Spielauer, Martin & Horvath, Thomas & Fink, Marian & Abio, Gemma & Souto, Guadalupe & Patxot, Ció & Istenič, Tanja, 2023. "The effect of educational expansion and family change on the sustainability of public and private transfers," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 25(C).

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