IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/joecag/v20y2021ics2212828x21000414.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The role of gender, education and family in the welfare organization: Disaggregating National Transfer Accounts

Author

Listed:
  • Abio, Gemma
  • Patxot, Concepció
  • Souto, Guadalupe
  • Istenič, Tanja

Abstract

In this paper, we extend the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) methodology to obtain the age profiles simultaneously disaggregated by gender, education level and family structure. We present the results for four countries (Austria, Spain, Finland and the UK), analysing the roles of these three dimensions in the both inter and intragenerational distribution of resources. We find interesting differences across countries, some of them related to the degree and age direction of the familiarization of different welfare state regimes. Finland excels as the country with the highest level of public transfers, and in particular for the elderly and for parents of working ages. In Austria, public transfers are also generous for children and the elderly, and there are substantial family benefits. In the UK and Spain, public transfers are much lower and family-related allowances are almost insignificant. Consequently, in Spain, private transfers from parents to children are the highest, while in the UK asset reallocations play a significant role in financing elderly consumption. Overall, our analysis provides interesting insights on how gender, redistribution policies and family structure interact with the welfare organization.

Suggested Citation

  • Abio, Gemma & Patxot, Concepció & Souto, Guadalupe & Istenič, Tanja, 2021. "The role of gender, education and family in the welfare organization: Disaggregating National Transfer Accounts," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 20(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:joecag:v:20:y:2021:i:c:s2212828x21000414
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2021.100348
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212828X21000414
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jeoa.2021.100348?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Istenič, Tanja & Vargha, Lili & Sambt, Jože, 2019. "Is there a connection between welfare regimes and inter-age reallocation systems?," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
    2. Concepció Patxot & Elisenda Rentería & Miguel Romero & Guadalupe Souto, 2012. "Measuring the balance of government intervention on forward and backward family transfers using NTA estimates: the modified Lee arrows," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 19(3), pages 442-461, June.
    3. Gemma Abio & Concepció Patxot & Elisenda Rentería & Guadalupe Souto, 2017. "Intergenerational Transfers in Spain: The Role of Education," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 223(4), pages 101-130, December.
    4. Elisenda Rentería & Guadalupe Souto & Iván Mejía-Guevara & Concepció Patxot, 2016. "The Effect of Education on the Demographic Dividend," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 42(4), pages 651-671, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bernhard Hammer & Alexia Prskawetz, 2022. "Measuring private transfers between generations and gender: an application of national transfer accounts for Austria 2015," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 49(3), pages 573-599, August.
    2. Oosthuizen, Morné, 2024. "Education and South Africa’s waning demographic dividend," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    3. Spielauer, Martin & Horvath, Thomas & Fink, Marian & Abio, Gemma & Souto, Guadalupe & Patxot, Ció & Istenič, Tanja, 2022. "Measuring the lifecycle impact of welfare state policies in the face of ageing," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1-25.
    4. Mejía-Guevara, Iván & Fuentes, María Estela Rivero, 2024. "Intergenerational paid and unpaid labor production and consumption inequality by gender in Mexico," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    5. Spielauer, Martin & Horvath, Thomas & Fink, Marian & Abio, Gemma & Souto, Guadalupe & Patxot, Ció & Istenič, Tanja, 2023. "The effect of educational expansion and family change on the sustainability of public and private transfers," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 25(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Spielauer, Martin & Horvath, Thomas & Fink, Marian & Abio, Gemma & Souto, Guadalupe & Patxot, Ció & Istenič, Tanja, 2022. "Measuring the lifecycle impact of welfare state policies in the face of ageing," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1-25.
    2. Amarante, Verónica & Bucheli, Marisa & Colacce, Maira & Nathan, Mathias, 2021. "Aging, education and intergenerational flows in Uruguay," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 18(C).
    3. Oosthuizen, Morné, 2024. "Education and South Africa’s waning demographic dividend," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    4. Mejía-Guevara, Iván & Fuentes, María Estela Rivero, 2024. "Intergenerational paid and unpaid labor production and consumption inequality by gender in Mexico," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    5. Spielauer, Martin & Horvath, Thomas & Fink, Marian & Abio, Gemma & Souto, Guadalupe & Patxot, Ció & Istenič, Tanja, 2023. "The effect of educational expansion and family change on the sustainability of public and private transfers," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 25(C).
    6. Solé, Meritxell & Souto, Guadalupe & Renteria, Elisenda & Papadomichelakis, Giorgos & Patxot, Concepció, 2020. "Protecting the elderly and children in times of crisis: An analysis based on National Transfer Accounts," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 15(C).
    7. Rosero-Bixby, Luis, 2024. "Socioeconomic inequalities in national transfers accounts in Ecuador 2006 and 2011: Did a new socialist government make a difference?," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    8. Bucheli, Marisa & González, Cecilia, 2024. "Investment in human capital by socioeconomic status in Uruguay," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    9. Martin Spielauer & Thomas Horvath & Marian Fink, 2020. "microWELT: A Dynamic Microsimulation Model for the Study of Welfare Transfer Flows in Ageing Societies from a Comparative Welfare State Perspective," WIFO Working Papers 609, WIFO.
    10. Hippolyte d'Albis & Carole Bonnet & Xavier Chojnicki & Najat El Mekkaouide Freitas & Angela Greulich & Jérôme Hubert & Julien Navaux, 2018. "Who pays for the consumption of young and old?," PSE Working Papers halshs-01799724, HAL.
    11. Hippolyte d'Albis & Carole Bonnet & Xavier Chojnicki & Najat El Mekkaoui & Angela Greulich & Jérôme Hubert & Julien Navaux, 2019. "Financing the Consumption of the Young and Old in France," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 45(1), pages 103-132, March.
    12. Brindusa Anghel & J. Ignacio Conde-Ruiz & Ignacio Marra de Artíñano, 2019. "Brechas Salariales de Género en España," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 229(2), pages 87-119, June.
    13. Holger Bonin & Concepció Patxot & Guadalupe Souto, 2014. "Cyclically‐Neutral Generational Accounting," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 35, pages 117-137, June.
    14. James Mahmud Rice & Jeromey B. Temple & Peter F. McDonald, 2021. "Intergenerational inequality and the intergenerational state," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 367-399, December.
    15. Baerlocher, Diogo & Parente, Stephen L. & Rios-Neto, Eduardo, 2019. "Economic effects of demographic dividend in Brazilian regions," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).
    16. Jian Zhou & Jingjing Deng & Li Li & Shuang Wang, 2023. "The Demographic Dividend or the Education Dividend? Evidence from China’s Economic Growth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-17, April.
    17. Gál, Róbert I. & Szabó, Endre & Vargha, Lili, 2015. "The age-profile of invisible transfers: The true size of asymmetry in inter-age reallocations," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 5(C), pages 98-104.
    18. Miguel Sánchez-Romero & Gemma Abío & Montserrat Botey & Alexia Prskawetz & Joze Sambt & Meritxell Solé Juvés & Guadalupe Souto & Lili Vargha & Concepció Patxot, 2019. "Welfare state winners and losers in ageing societies," Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, vol. 17(1), pages 009-036.
    19. Choo, Eddie & Gee, Christopher, 2024. "Age and education effects in Singapore’s demographic dividend 1970–2020," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    20. Kanat Abdulla & Balzhan Serikbayeva & Yessengali Oskenbayev & Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, 2022. "Regional Differences in Human Capital and Occupational Choice: Evidence from Mexico," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(6), pages 2899-2922, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:joecag:v:20:y:2021:i:c:s2212828x21000414. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/the-journal-of-the-economics-of-ageing .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.