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Physician-patient race-match reduces patient mortality

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  • Hill, Andrew J.
  • Jones, Daniel B.
  • Woodworth, Lindsey

Abstract

This paper assesses the impacts of physician-patient race-match, especially Black patients paired with Black physicians, on patient mortality. We draw on administrative data from Florida, linking hospital encounters from mid-2011 through 2014 to information from the Florida Physician Workforce Survey. Focusing on uninsured patients experiencing unscheduled hospital admissions who are conditionally randomly assigned to physicians, we find that physician-patient race-match for Black patients reduces the likelihood of within-hospital mortality by 0.28 percentage points, a 27 % reduction relative to the overall mortality rate. An alternative identification strategy relying on instrumental variables provides a similar finding.

Suggested Citation

  • Hill, Andrew J. & Jones, Daniel B. & Woodworth, Lindsey, 2023. "Physician-patient race-match reduces patient mortality," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jhecon:v:92:y:2023:i:c:s016762962300098x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102821
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Woodworth, Lindsey, 2020. "Swamped: Emergency Department Crowding and Patient Mortality," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    2. Brad N. Greenwood & Rachel R. Hardeman & Laura Huang & Aaron Sojourner, 2020. "Physician–patient racial concordance and disparities in birthing mortality for newborns," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 117(35), pages 21194-21200, August.
    3. Han Ye & Junjian Yi, 2023. "Patient-Physician Race Concordance, Physician Decisions, and Patient Outcomes," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 105(4), pages 766-779, July.
    4. Michael D. Frakes & Jonathan Gruber, 2022. "Racial Concordance and the Quality of Medical Care: Evidence from the Military," NBER Working Papers 30767, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. David Card & Carlos Dobkin & Nicole Maestas, 2009. "Does Medicare Save Lives?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 124(2), pages 597-636.
    6. Shari Eli & Trevon D. Logan & Boriana Miloucheva, 2019. "Physician Bias and Racial Disparities in Health: Evidence from Veterans' Pensions," NBER Working Papers 25846, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Darren Grant, 2000. "Race and cesarean delivery in Florida," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 28(1), pages 37-47, September.
    8. Amitabh Chandra & Jonathan Skinner, 2003. "Geography and Racial Health Disparities," NBER Working Papers 9513, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Marcella Alsan & Owen Garrick & Grant Graziani, 2019. "Does Diversity Matter for Health? Experimental Evidence from Oakland," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 109(12), pages 4071-4111, December.
    10. Hagiwara, Nao & Penner, Louis A. & Gonzalez, Richard & Eggly, Susan & Dovidio, John F. & Gaertner, Samuel L. & West, Tessa & Albrecht, Terrance L., 2013. "Racial attitudes, physician–patient talk time ratio, and adherence in racially discordant medical interactions," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 123-131.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nicole Black & Johannes S. Kunz, 2024. "The Intergenerational Effects of Language Proficiency on Child Health Outcomes: Evidence from Survey- and Census-matched Health Care Records," Papers 2024-11, Centre for Health Economics, Monash University.
    2. Gerald J. Pruckner & Flora Stiftinger & Katrin Zocher, 2024. "When women take over: Physician gender and health care provision," Economics working papers 2024-04, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    3. Francetic, I.; & Meacock, R.; & Siciliani, L.; & Sutton, M.;, 2024. "Disorderly queues: How does unexpected demand affect queue prioritisation in emergency care?," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 24/14, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Racial disparities; Hospitals; Health;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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