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A hybrid method of exponential smoothing and recurrent neural networks for time series forecasting

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  • Smyl, Slawek

Abstract

This paper presents the winning submission of the M4 forecasting competition. The submission utilizes a dynamic computational graph neural network system that enables a standard exponential smoothing model to be mixed with advanced long short term memory networks into a common framework. The result is a hybrid and hierarchical forecasting method.

Suggested Citation

  • Smyl, Slawek, 2020. "A hybrid method of exponential smoothing and recurrent neural networks for time series forecasting," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 75-85.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intfor:v:36:y:2020:i:1:p:75-85
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2019.03.017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kang, Yanfei & Hyndman, Rob J. & Smith-Miles, Kate, 2017. "Visualising forecasting algorithm performance using time series instance spaces," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 345-358.
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    4. Weron, Rafał, 2014. "Electricity price forecasting: A review of the state-of-the-art with a look into the future," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 1030-1081.
    5. Gardner, Everette Jr., 2006. "Exponential smoothing: The state of the art--Part II," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 637-666.
    6. Petropoulos, Fotios & Hyndman, Rob J. & Bergmeir, Christoph, 2018. "Exploring the sources of uncertainty: Why does bagging for time series forecasting work?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 268(2), pages 545-554.
    7. Spyros Makridakis & Evangelos Spiliotis & Vassilios Assimakopoulos, 2018. "Statistical and Machine Learning forecasting methods: Concerns and ways forward," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-26, March.
    8. Makridakis, Spyros & Spiliotis, Evangelos & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios, 2018. "The M4 Competition: Results, findings, conclusion and way forward," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 802-808.
    9. J W Taylor, 2003. "Short-term electricity demand forecasting using double seasonal exponential smoothing," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 54(8), pages 799-805, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Forecasting competitions; M4; Dynamic computational graphs; Automatic differentiation; Long short term memory (LSTM) networks; Exponential smoothing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • M4 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting

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