IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/intfin/v78y2022ics104244312200049x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of Coronavirus on liquidity in financial markets

Author

Listed:
  • Gofran, Ruhana Zareen
  • Gregoriou, Andros
  • Haar, Lawrence

Abstract

We examine the liquidity impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic upon equity markets in the USA, UK, Brazil, China, Germany and Spain. We establish that the pandemic causes a short-term loss in liquidity, confirmed by the significant increases in bid-ask spreads. Further, analysing long-term financial stability using price impact ratios, shows that for China alone, there is an impact of COVID-19. Also, examination of spread decomposition reveals the role of information asymmetry in the widening of spreads, rather than changes in cost of trading around the news of the pandemic. This finding holds for all of the observed capital markets with the exception of China.

Suggested Citation

  • Gofran, Ruhana Zareen & Gregoriou, Andros & Haar, Lawrence, 2022. "Impact of Coronavirus on liquidity in financial markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intfin:v:78:y:2022:i:c:s104244312200049x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101561
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104244312200049X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101561?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elnahass, Marwa & Trinh, Vu Quang & Li, Teng, 2021. "Global banking stability in the shadow of Covid-19 outbreak," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    2. Bouri, Elie & Cepni, Oguzhan & Gabauer, David & Gupta, Rangan, 2021. "Return connectedness across asset classes around the COVID-19 outbreak," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    3. Ali, Syed Riaz Mahmood & Mensi, Walid & Anik, Kaysul Islam & Rahman, Mishkatur & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2022. "The impacts of COVID-19 crisis on spillovers between the oil and stock markets: Evidence from the largest oil importers and exporters," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 345-372.
    4. Zhaodan Huang & James B. Heian, 2010. "Trading‐Volume Shocks And Stock Returns: An Empirical Analysis," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 33(2), pages 153-177, June.
    5. Pattanaporn Chatjuthamard & Pavitra Jindahra & Pattarake Sarajoti & Sirimon Treepongkaruna, 2021. "The effect of COVID‐19 on the global stock market," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(3), pages 4923-4953, September.
    6. Chordia, Tarun & Subrahmanyam, Avanidhar & Anshuman, V. Ravi, 2001. "Trading activity and expected stock returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1), pages 3-32, January.
    7. John Lintner, 1965. "Security Prices, Risk, And Maximal Gains From Diversification," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 20(4), pages 587-615, December.
    8. Just, Małgorzata & Echaust, Krzysztof, 2020. "Stock market returns, volatility, correlation and liquidity during the COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from the Markov switching approach," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    9. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Peng, Zhe & Bouri, Elie, 2021. "Asymmetric volatility spillover among Chinese sectors during COVID-19," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    10. Amihud, Yakov, 2002. "Illiquidity and stock returns: cross-section and time-series effects," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 31-56, January.
    11. Kingsley Y. L. Fong & Craig W. Holden & Charles A. Trzcinka, 2017. "What Are the Best Liquidity Proxies for Global Research?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(4), pages 1355-1401.
    12. Florackis, Chris & Gregoriou, Andros & Kostakis, Alexandros, 2011. "Trading frequency and asset pricing on the London Stock Exchange: Evidence from a new price impact ratio," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 3335-3350.
    13. Robert J. Barro & José F. Ursua & Joanna Weng, 2020. "The Coronavirus and the Great Influenza Epidemic - Lessons from the "Spanish Flu" for the Coronavirus's Potential Effects on Mortality and Economic Activity," CESifo Working Paper Series 8166, CESifo.
    14. William F. Sharpe, 1964. "Capital Asset Prices: A Theory Of Market Equilibrium Under Conditions Of Risk," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 19(3), pages 425-442, September.
    15. Madhavan, Ananth & Richardson, Matthew & Roomans, Mark, 1997. "Why Do Security Prices Change? A Transaction-Level Analysis of NYSE Stocks," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 10(4), pages 1035-1064.
    16. Zhang, Dayong & Hu, Min & Ji, Qiang, 2020. "Financial markets under the global pandemic of COVID-19," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    17. Andros Gregoriou, 2015. "Market quality of dealer versus hybrid markets for illiquid securities: new evidence from the FTSE AIM Index," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(6), pages 466-485, April.
    18. Kinateder, Harald & Campbell, Ross & Choudhury, Tonmoy, 2021. "Safe haven in GFC versus COVID-19: 100 turbulent days in the financial markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    19. repec:aei:rpaper:1008560098 is not listed on IDEAS
    20. Joel Hasbrouck, 2009. "Trading Costs and Returns for U.S. Equities: Estimating Effective Costs from Daily Data," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 64(3), pages 1445-1477, June.
    21. Niels Joachim Gormsen & Ralph S J Koijen & Nikolai Roussanov, 0. "Coronavirus: Impact on Stock Prices and Growth Expectations," The Review of Asset Pricing Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 10(4), pages 574-597.
    22. Wang, Andong & Hudson, Robert & Rhodes, Mark & Zhang, Sijia & Gregoriou, Andros, 2021. "Stock liquidity and return distribution: Evidence from the London Stock Exchange," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    23. Liu, Weimin, 2006. "A liquidity-augmented capital asset pricing model," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(3), pages 631-671, December.
    24. Robert J. Barro & José F. Ursúa & Joanna Weng, 2020. "The Coronavirus and the Great Influenza Pandemic: Lessons from the “Spanish Flu” for the Coronavirus’s Potential Effects on Mortality and Economic Activity," NBER Working Papers 26866, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    25. Anas Alaoui Mdaghri & Abdessamad Raghibi & Cuong Nguyen Thanh & Lahsen Oubdi, 2020. "Stock market liquidity, the great lockdown and the COVID-19 global pandemic nexus in MENA countries," Review of Behavioral Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 13(1), pages 51-68, November.
    26. Amihud, Yakov & Mendelson, Haim, 1986. "Asset pricing and the bid-ask spread," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 223-249, December.
    27. Eugene F. Fama & Kenneth R. French, 2004. "The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(3), pages 25-46, Summer.
    28. Papadamou, Stephanos & Fassas, Athanasios & Kenourgios, Dimitris & Dimitriou, Dimitrios, 2020. "Direct and Indirect Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Implied Stock Market Volatility: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis," MPRA Paper 100020, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    29. Zaremba, Adam & Aharon, David Y. & Demir, Ender & Kizys, Renatas & Zawadka, Dariusz, 2021. "COVID-19, government policy responses, and stock market liquidity around the world: A note," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    30. Haar, Lawrence & Gregoriou, Andros, 2021. "Risk management and market conditions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    31. Zhang, Sijia & Gregoriou, Andros, 2020. "Post earnings announcement drift, liquidity and zero leverage firms: Evidence from the UK stock market," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 13-26.
    32. Huong Le & Andros Gregoriou, 2020. "How Do You Capture Liquidity? A Review Of The Literature On Low‐Frequency Stock Liquidity," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(5), pages 1170-1186, December.
    33. repec:oup:rfinst:v:21:y:2017:i:4:p:1355-1401. is not listed on IDEAS
    34. Gao, Hai-Ling & Mei, Dong-Cheng, 2019. "The correlation structure in the international stock markets during global financial crisis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 534(C).
    35. Huang, Roger D & Stoll, Hans R, 1997. "The Components of the Bid-Ask Spread: A General Approach," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 10(4), pages 995-1034.
    36. Scott R. Baker & Nicholas Bloom & Steven J. Davis & Kyle J. Kost & Marco C. Sammon & Tasaneeya Viratyosin, 2020. "The Unprecedented Stock Market Impact of COVID-19," NBER Working Papers 26945, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    37. Douch, Mustapha & Edwards, T.Huw & Soegaard, Christian, 2018. "The Trade Effects of the Brexit Announcement Shock," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1176, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    38. Harold Demsetz, 1968. "The Cost of Transacting," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 82(1), pages 33-53.
    39. Laborda, Ricardo & Olmo, Jose, 2021. "Volatility spillover between economic sectors in financial crisis prediction: Evidence spanning the great financial crisis and Covid-19 pandemic," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Clancey-Shang, Danjue, 2023. "COVID lockdown, Robinhood traders, and liquidity in stock and option markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    2. Kemal Tosun, Onur & Eshraghi, Arman & Muradoglu, Gulnur, 2023. "Learning financial survival from disasters," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    3. Samuel Tabot Enow, 2023. "Stock Market Liquidity during Periods of Distress and its Implications: Evidence from International Financial Markets," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 13(1), pages 1-6, January.
    4. Nakhli, Mohamed Sahbi & Gaies, Brahim & Hemrit, Wael & Sahut, Jean-Michel, 2024. "Twenty-year tango: Exploring the reciprocal influence of macro-financial instability and climate risks," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 717-731.
    5. Kocaarslan, Baris & Mushtaq, Rizwan, 2024. "The impact of liquidity conditions on the time-varying link between U.S. municipal green bonds and major risky markets during the COVID-19 crisis: A machine learning approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    6. Palwishah, Rana & Kashif, Muhammad & Rehman, Mobeen Ur & Al-Faryan, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh, 2024. "Asymmetric liquidity risk and currency returns before and during COVID-19 pandemic," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chebbi, Kaouther & Ammer, Mohammed Abdullah & Hameed, Affan, 2021. "The COVID-19 pandemic and stock liquidity: Evidence from S&P 500," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 134-142.
    2. Stereńczak, Szymon & Zaremba, Adam & Umar, Zaghum, 2020. "Is there an illiquidity premium in frontier markets?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(C).
    3. Díaz, Antonio & Escribano, Ana, 2020. "Measuring the multi-faceted dimension of liquidity in financial markets: A literature review," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    4. Lof, Matthijs & van Bommel, Jos, 2023. "Asymmetric information and the distribution of trading volume," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    5. Zeynep Cobandag Guloglu & Cumhur Ekinci, 2022. "Liquidity measurement: A comparative review of the literature with a focus on high frequency," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(1), pages 41-74, February.
    6. Cakici, Nusret & Zaremba, Adam, 2021. "Liquidity and the cross-section of international stock returns," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    7. Belkhir, Mohamed & Saad, Mohsen & Samet, Anis, 2020. "Stock extreme illiquidity and the cost of capital," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    8. Dong, Liang & Yu, Bo & Qin, Zhenjiang & Lam, Keith S.K., 2024. "Liquidity risk and expected returns in China’s stock market: A multidimensional liquidity approach," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    9. Liu, Weimin & Luo, Di & Zhao, Huainan, 2016. "Transaction costs, liquidity risk, and the CCAPM," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 126-145.
    10. Liao, Cunfei & Luo, Qianlin & Tang, Guohao, 2021. "Aggregate liquidity premium and cross-sectional returns: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    11. Sean A. Anthonisz & Tālis J. Putniņš, 2017. "Asset Pricing with Downside Liquidity Risks," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 63(8), pages 2549-2572, August.
    12. Enilov, Martin & Mensi, Walid & Stankov, Petar, 2023. "Does safe haven exist? Tail risks of commodity markets during COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 29(C).
    13. Craig W. Holden & Stacey Jacobsen & Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, 2014. "The Empirical Analysis of Liquidity," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 8(4), pages 263-365, December.
    14. Nadia Loukil & Mohamed Bechir Zayani & Abdelwahed Omri, 2010. "Impact of liquidity on stock returns: an empirical investigation of the Tunisian stock market," Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(2), pages 261-283.
    15. Huong Le & Andros Gregoriou, 2020. "How Do You Capture Liquidity? A Review Of The Literature On Low‐Frequency Stock Liquidity," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(5), pages 1170-1186, December.
    16. Będowska-Sójka, Barbara, 2018. "The coherence of liquidity measures. The evidence from the emerging market," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 118-123.
    17. Lischewski, Judith & Voronkova, Svitlana, 2012. "Size, value and liquidity. Do They Really Matter on an Emerging Stock Market?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 8-25.
    18. Karstanje, Dennis & Sojli, Elvira & Tham, Wing Wah & van der Wel, Michel, 2013. "Economic valuation of liquidity timing," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(12), pages 5073-5087.
    19. Ahelegbey, Daniel Felix & Cerchiello, Paola & Scaramozzino, Roberta, 2022. "Network based evidence of the financial impact of Covid-19 pandemic," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    20. Ali, Searat & Liu, Benjamin & Su, Jen Je, 2017. "Corporate governance and stock liquidity dimensions: Panel evidence from pure order-driven Australian market," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 275-304.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:intfin:v:78:y:2022:i:c:s104244312200049x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/intfin .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.