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NAFTA and the convergence of CO2 emissions intensity and its determinants

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  • Apergis, Nicholas
  • Payne, James E.

Abstract

This empirical study examines the extent to which the introduction of NAFTA influenced the convergence behavior of CO2 emissions intensity and its determinants (energy intensity and carbonization index) associated with the countries of Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Our results from tests of stochastic convergence, σ-convergence, and club convergence reveal convergence in both the pre- and post-NAFTA periods. This finding suggests the convergence behavior of CO2 emissions intensity and its determinants has not substantially changed with the introduction of NAFTA.

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  • Apergis, Nicholas & Payne, James E., 2020. "NAFTA and the convergence of CO2 emissions intensity and its determinants," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 1-9.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:inteco:v:161:y:2020:i:c:p:1-9
    DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2019.10.002
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    CO2 emissions intensity; Energy intensity; Carbonization index; Stochastic convergence; σ-convergence; Club convergence;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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