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Vulnerabilities of cyber-physical systems to stale data—Determining the optimal time to launch attacks

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  • Krotofil, Marina
  • Cárdenas, Alvaro
  • Larsen, Jason
  • Gollmann, Dieter

Abstract

This paper presents a new vulnerability assessment model based on timing attacks. In particular, it examines the problem where an adversary has access to a certain sensor reading or a controller output signal in real time, but can only cause denial of service (DoS). Jamming the communications to a device can cause the system to work with stale data that, in turn, could interfere with the control algorithm to the extent of driving the system to an undesirable state. If the DoS attack is not timed properly, the use of stale data by the controller or actuator would have a limited impact on the process. However, if the attacker is able to launch the DoS attack at the correct time, the use of stale data can drive the system to an unsafe state.

Suggested Citation

  • Krotofil, Marina & Cárdenas, Alvaro & Larsen, Jason & Gollmann, Dieter, 2014. "Vulnerabilities of cyber-physical systems to stale data—Determining the optimal time to launch attacks," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 7(4), pages 213-232.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijocip:v:7:y:2014:i:4:p:213-232
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcip.2014.10.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schuett, Carl & Butts, Jonathan & Dunlap, Stephen, 2014. "An evaluation of modification attacks on programmable logic controllers," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 7(1), pages 61-68.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yampolskiy, Mark & Skjellum, Anthony & Kretzschmar, Michael & Overfelt, Ruel A. & Sloan, Kenneth R. & Yasinsac, Alec, 2016. "Using 3D printers as weapons," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 14(C), pages 58-71.
    2. Prehoda, Emily W. & Schelly, Chelsea & Pearce, Joshua M., 2017. "U.S. strategic solar photovoltaic-powered microgrid deployment for enhanced national security," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 167-175.
    3. Nweke, Livinus Obiora & Weldehawaryat, Goitom K. & Wolthusen, Stephen D., 2021. "Threat Modelling of Cyber–Physical Systems Using an Applied π-Calculus," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    4. Genge, Béla & Graur, Flavius & Haller, Piroska, 2015. "Experimental assessment of network design approaches for protecting industrial control systems," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 11(C), pages 24-38.
    5. Genge, Béla & Kiss, István & Haller, Piroska, 2015. "A system dynamics approach for assessing the impact of cyber attacks on critical infrastructures," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 10(C), pages 3-17.

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