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A Cyber Incident Response and Recovery Framework to Support Operators of Industrial Control Systems

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Listed:
  • Staves, Alexander
  • Anderson, Tom
  • Balderstone, Harry
  • Green, Benjamin
  • Gouglidis, Antonios
  • Hutchison, David

Abstract

Over the last decade, we have seen a shift in the focus of cyber attacks, moving from traditional IT systems to include more specialised Industrial Control Systems (ICS), often found within Critical National Infrastructure (CNI). Despite a push from governments to introduce appropriate legislation and guidance for such systems, operators of ICS and CNI still face multiple challenges in their cyber incident response and recovery capabilities, a theme that is often viewed as a last line of defence in minimising the impact of cyber attacks. This paper provides the following contributions: Firstly, we analyse existing standards and guidelines within cyber incident response and recovery. This analysis provides a structure on key response and recovery phases, a foundational understanding of associated requirements for these, and identifies challenges that could affect the quality of in-practice response and recovery capabilities. Using this analysis as a baseline, we examine how response and recovery processes are currently undertaken in practice through engagement with UK-based CNI operators and regulators. Secondly, as a starting point towards improving identified challenges in existing standards and guidelines and their use in practice, we propose a framework, built using the outputs identified from the document analysis and the stakeholder engagement, for use by operators to support them in assessing and improving their response and recovery capabilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Staves, Alexander & Anderson, Tom & Balderstone, Harry & Green, Benjamin & Gouglidis, Antonios & Hutchison, David, 2022. "A Cyber Incident Response and Recovery Framework to Support Operators of Industrial Control Systems," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijocip:v:37:y:2022:i:c:s187454822100086x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcip.2021.100505
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jaatun, Martin Gilje & Albrechtsen, Eirik & Line, Maria B. & Tøndel, Inger Anne & Longva, Odd Helge, 2009. "A framework for incident response management in the petroleum industry," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 26-37.
    2. Bartnes Line, Maria & Anne Tøndel, Inger & Jaatun, Martin G., 2016. "Current practices and challenges in industrial control organizations regarding information security incident management – Does size matter? Information security incident management in large and small ," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 12(C), pages 12-26.
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