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The impact of tagging qualitative financial information on investor decision making: Implications for XBRL

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  • Arnold, Vicky
  • Bedard, Jean C.
  • Phillips, Jillian R.
  • Sutton, Steve G.

Abstract

This study extends prior research by investigating whether investors benefit from tagging complex narrative disclosures. We examine how tagging facilitates professional and nonprofessional investors' acquisition and assimilation of narrative disclosures in assessing company risk and predicting future performance. Participants were randomly assigned to a standard or tagged presentation of Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A), the U.S. equivalent to Management's Commentary. The two versions contain identical overall information. The standard version works similar to a PDF file where the user can access sections of the MD&A by selecting titled sections. The tagged version uses an extended hierarchical structure proposed for the MD&A and as a conceptual foundation for developing a related XBRL taxonomy. As theorized, results indicate that nonprofessional investors use a more directive search strategy under the tagged condition while professional investors' search strategies are unaffected by the tagged condition. Saliency of risk information increases for both investor groups in the tagged condition (i.e., risk assessments and stock price predictions are more associated). Our findings have important implications in light of the U.S. SEC's decision to preclude inclusion of XBRL-tagged MD&A information in mandatory filings due to taxonomy limitations.

Suggested Citation

  • Arnold, Vicky & Bedard, Jean C. & Phillips, Jillian R. & Sutton, Steve G., 2012. "The impact of tagging qualitative financial information on investor decision making: Implications for XBRL," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 2-20.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijoais:v:13:y:2012:i:1:p:2-20
    DOI: 10.1016/j.accinf.2011.12.002
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    3. Pennington, Robin R. & Kelton, Andrea Seaton, 2016. "How much is enough? An investigation of nonprofessional investors information search and stopping rule use," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 47-62.
    4. N.N. Sawitri & P. Astuty, 2018. "Market Anomalies and Effect on Returns," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2), pages 630-649.
    5. Indrit Troshani & Nick Rowbottom, 2021. "Digital Corporate Reporting: Research Developments and Implications," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 31(3), pages 213-232, September.
    6. Kristian D. Allee & Matthew D. Deangelis & James R. Moon, 2018. "Disclosure “Scriptability”," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(2), pages 363-430, May.
    7. Dirk Beerbaum & Julia M. Puaschunder, 2019. "A Behavioral Approach to Irrational Exuberances – An Artificial Intelligence Roboethics Taxonomy," Scientia Moralitas Journal, Scientia Moralitas, Research Institute, vol. 4(1), pages 1-30, July.
    8. Sierra-García, Laura & Gambetta, Nicolás & García-Benau, María A. & Orta-Pérez, Manuel, 2019. "Understanding the determinants of the magnitude of entity-level risk and account-level risk key audit matters: The case of the United Kingdom," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 227-240.
    9. Jochen Theis & Marvin Nipper, 2021. "The Impact of Executives’ Gender, Financial Incentives, and Shareholder Pressure on Corporate Social and Ecological Investments," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 73(3), pages 307-338, December.
    10. Habib Mahama & Zhichao (Alex) Wang, 2023. "Impact of the interactive and diagnostic uses of performance measurement systems on procedural fairness perception, cooperation and performance in supply alliances," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 63(3), pages 3253-3296, September.
    11. Mahama, Habib & Elbashir, Mohamed Z. & Sutton, Steve G. & Arnold, Vicky, 2016. "A further interpretation of the relational agency of information systems: A research note," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 16-25.

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