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Forest transition and socio-economic development in India and their implications for forest transition theory

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  • Singh, M.P.
  • Bhojvaid, P.P.
  • de Jong, Wil
  • Ashraf, J.
  • Reddy, S.R.

Abstract

The paper provides a detailed analysis of forest transition in India, exploring the direct and underlying causes and factors that explain deforestation and forest degradation, decline in deforestation and forest degradation, and forest recovery. The paper reviews these causes and factors during the periods before India experienced forest transition and after it experienced forest transition, which happened during the 1980s. Causes and forces that caused deforestation and forest degradation were forest exploitation for timber, an increased population that sought agricultural land, economic modernization through expansion of agricultural production, forest dependence and related forest exploitation, and even forest conversion when forest land became notified and thus forest owners lost rights to derive benefits from forests. Causes and factors that reduced deforestation and forest degradation and resulted in forest recovery, included agricultural intensification, government policies, private tree and forest production and smallholder and community forestry. Multiple forest transition pathways can be signaled as having contributed to forest transition pathways in India. The case of India actually question to what extent the forest transition pathway concept is valid for contemporary forest transition in complex countries like India.

Suggested Citation

  • Singh, M.P. & Bhojvaid, P.P. & de Jong, Wil & Ashraf, J. & Reddy, S.R., 2017. "Forest transition and socio-economic development in India and their implications for forest transition theory," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 65-71.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:forpol:v:76:y:2017:i:c:p:65-71
    DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2015.10.013
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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Kunqiu & Long, Hualou & Liao, Liuwen & Tu, Shuangshuang & Li, Tingting, 2020. "Land use transitions and urban-rural integrated development: Theoretical framework and China’s evidence," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    2. Kazungu, Moses & Ferrer Velasco, Rubén & Zhunusova, Eliza & Lippe, Melvin & Kabwe, Gillian & Gumbo, Davison J. & Günter, Sven, 2021. "Effects of household-level attributes and agricultural land-use on deforestation patterns along a forest transition gradient in the Miombo landscapes, Zambia," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    3. Shubhendu Singh & Gaurvendra Singh, 2024. "Agroforestry for Sustainable Development: Assessing Frameworks to Drive Agricultural Sector Growth," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(9), pages 22281-22317, September.
    4. Carr, Jamie A. & Petrokofsky, Gillian & Spracklen, Dominick V. & Lewis, Simon L. & Roe, Dilys & Trull, Nicholas & Vidal, Adriana & Wicander, Sylvia & Worthington-Hill, John & Sallu, Susannah M., 2021. "Anticipated impacts of achieving SDG targets on forests - a review," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    5. Isaac Sarfo & Bi Shuoben & Li Beibei & Solomon Obiri Yeboah Amankwah & Emmanuel Yeboah & John Ernest Koku & Edward Kweku Nunoo & Clement Kwang, 2022. "Spatiotemporal development of land use systems, influences and climate variability in Southwestern Ghana (1970–2020)," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(8), pages 9851-9883, August.
    6. Li, Lingchao & Chhatre, Ashwini & Liu, Jinlong, 2019. "Multiple drivers and pathways to China's forest transition," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Kaczan, David J., 2020. "Can roads contribute to forest transitions?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    8. Qianwen Duan & Minghong Tan, 2019. "Spatial and Temporal Variations of Forest Cover in Developing Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, March.
    9. de Jong, Wil & Liu, Jinlong & Youn, Yeo-Chang, 2017. "Land and forests in the Anthropocene: Trends and outlooks in Asia," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 17-25.
    10. Miyamoto, Motoe, 2020. "Poverty reduction saves forests sustainably: Lessons for deforestation policies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    11. Youn, Yeo-Chang & Choi, Junyeong & de Jong, Wil & Liu, Jinlong & Park, Mi Sun & Camacho, Leni D. & Tachibana, Satoshi & Huudung, Nguyen Din & Bhojvaid, Padam Parkash & Damayanti, Ellyn K. & Wanneng, P, 2017. "Conditions of forest transition in Asian countries," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 14-24.
    12. Quiroga, Sonia & Suárez, Cristina & Hernanz, Virginia & Aguiño, José Evelio & Fernández-Manjarrés, Juan F., 2024. "Analysing post-conflict policies to enhance socio-ecological restoration among black communities in Southern Colombia: Cacao cropping as a win–win strategy," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    13. Baquié, Sandra & Urpelainen, Johannes & Khanwilkar, Sarika & Galletti, Christopher S. & Velho, Nandini & Mondal, Pinki & Nagendra, Harini & DeFries, Ruth, 2021. "Migration, assets, and forest degradation in a tropical deciduous forest of South Asia," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    14. Aguado, Roberto & Saldarriaga, Juan F. & Atxutegi, Aitor & Bilbao, Javier & Olazar, Martin, 2019. "Influence of the kinetic scheme and heat balance on the modelling of biomass combustion in a conical spouted bed," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 758-767.
    15. Cochard, Roland & Nguyen, Van Hai Thi & Ngo, Dung Tri & Kull, Christian A., 2020. "Vietnam’s forest cover changes 2005–2016: Veering from transition to (yet more) transaction?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    16. Lingyue Li & Zhixin Qi & Teng Zhong, 2021. "Forest Transition and Its Dynamics in Subtropical Chongqing, China since 1990s," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-14, July.
    17. Ranjan, Ram, 2019. "Assessing the impact of mining on deforestation in India," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 23-35.
    18. Valerio Moretti & Luca Salvati & Massimo Cecchini & Ilaria Zambon, 2019. "A Long-Term Analysis of Demographic Processes, Socioeconomic ‘Modernization’ and Forest Expansion in a European Country," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.
    19. Ullah, S M Asik & Tani, Masakazu & Tsuchiya, Jun & Rahman, M.Abiar & Moriyama, Masao, 2022. "Impact of protected areas and co-management on forest cover: A case study from Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary, Bangladesh," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).

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