IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v5y2008i3p162-171.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

On the qualitative effect of volatility and duration on prices of Asian options

Author

Listed:
  • Carr, Peter
  • Ewald, Christian-Oliver
  • Xiao, Yajun

Abstract

We show that under the Black-Scholes assumption the price of an arithmetic average Asian call option with fixed strike increases with the level of volatility. This statement is not trivial to prove and for other models in general wrong. In fact we demonstrate that in a simple binomial model no such relationship holds. Under the Black-Scholes assumption however, we give a proof based on the maximum principle for parabolic partial differential equations. Furthermore we show that an increase in the length of duration over which the average is sampled also increases the price of an arithmetic average Asian call option, if the discounting effect is taken out. To show this, we use the result on volatility and the fact that a reparametrization in time corresponds to a change in volatility in the Black-Scholes model. Both results are extremely important for the risk management and risk assessment of portfolios that include Asian options.

Suggested Citation

  • Carr, Peter & Ewald, Christian-Oliver & Xiao, Yajun, 2008. "On the qualitative effect of volatility and duration on prices of Asian options," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 5(3), pages 162-171, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:5:y:2008:i:3:p:162-171
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544-6123(08)00031-7
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jagannathan, Ravi, 1984. "Call options and the risk of underlying securities," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 425-434, September.
    2. Eric Fournié & Jean-Michel Lasry & Pierre-Louis Lions & Jérôme Lebuchoux & Nizar Touzi, 1999. "Applications of Malliavin calculus to Monte Carlo methods in finance," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 391-412.
    3. Hélyette Geman & Marc Yor, 1993. "Bessel Processes, Asian Options, And Perpetuities," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(4), pages 349-375, October.
    4. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-654, May-June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ewald, Christian Oliver & Taub, Bart, 2022. "Real options, risk aversion and markets: A corporate finance perspective," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    2. Chung, Shing Fung & Wong, Hoi Ying, 2014. "Analytical pricing of discrete arithmetic Asian options with mean reversion and jumps," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 130-140.
    3. Zhaojun Yang & Christian-Oliver Ewald & Olaf Menkens, 2011. "Pricing and hedging of Asian options: quasi-explicit solutions via Malliavin calculus," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 74(1), pages 93-120, August.
    4. Ewald, Christian-Oliver & Yor, Marc, 2015. "On increasing risk, inequality and poverty measures: Peacocks, lyrebirds and exotic options," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 22-36.
    5. Dan Pirjol & Lingjiong Zhu, 2018. "Sensitivities Of Asian Options In The Black–Scholes Model," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(01), pages 1-25, February.
    6. Ewald, Christian-Oliver & Menkens, Olaf & Hung Marten Ting, Sai, 2013. "Asian and Australian options: A common perspective," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1001-1018.
    7. Jan Vecer, 2013. "Asian options on the harmonic average," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(8), pages 1315-1322, September.
    8. Bogso, Antoine Marie, 2015. "MRL order, log-concavity and an application to peacocks," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 125(4), pages 1282-1306.
    9. Ting, Sai Hung Marten & Ewald, Christian-Oliver & Wang, Wen-Kai, 2013. "On the investment–uncertainty relationship in a real option model with stochastic volatility," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 22-32.
    10. Dan Pirjol & Lingjiong Zhu, 2016. "Short Maturity Asian Options in Local Volatility Models," Papers 1609.07559, arXiv.org.
    11. Liu, Yating & Pagès, Gilles, 2022. "Monotone convex order for the McKean–Vlasov processes," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 312-338.
    12. Dan Pirjol & Lingjiong Zhu, 2023. "Sensitivities of Asian options in the Black-Scholes model," Papers 2301.06460, arXiv.org.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sander Willems, 2018. "Asian Option Pricing with Orthogonal Polynomials," Papers 1802.01307, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2018.
    2. Rafal M. Wojakowski & M. Shahid Ebrahim & Aziz Jaafar & Murizah Osman Salleh, 2019. "Can Loan Valuation Adjustment (LVA) approach immunize collateralized debt from defaults?," Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(2), pages 141-158, May.
    3. Lim, Terence & Lo, Andrew W. & Merton, Robert C. & Scholes, Myron S., 2006. "The Derivatives Sourcebook," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 1(5–6), pages 365-572, April.
    4. N. Hilber & N. Reich & C. Schwab & C. Winter, 2009. "Numerical methods for Lévy processes," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 13(4), pages 471-500, September.
    5. Chenxu Li, 2016. "Bessel Processes, Stochastic Volatility, And Timer Options," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(1), pages 122-148, January.
    6. Anselm Hudde & Ludger Rüschendorf, 2023. "European and Asian Greeks for Exponential Lévy Processes," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 1-24, March.
    7. Dan Pirjol & Lingjiong Zhu, 2023. "Sensitivities of Asian options in the Black-Scholes model," Papers 2301.06460, arXiv.org.
    8. Hyong-Chol O & Ji-Sok Kim, 2013. "General Properties of Solutions to Inhomogeneous Black-Scholes Equations with Discontinuous Maturity Payoffs and Application," Papers 1309.6505, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2013.
    9. Norden, Lars, 2001. "Hedging of American equity options: do call and put prices always move in the direction as predicted by the movement in the underlying stock price?," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 11(4-5), pages 321-340, December.
    10. Wensheng Yang & Jingtang Ma & Zhenyu Cui, 2021. "Analysis of Markov chain approximation for Asian options and occupation-time derivatives: Greeks and convergence rates," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 93(2), pages 359-412, April.
    11. Benhamou, Eric & Duguet, Alexandre, 2003. "Small dimension PDE for discrete Asian options," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 27(11), pages 2095-2114.
    12. Zhaojun Yang & Christian-Oliver Ewald & Olaf Menkens, 2011. "Pricing and hedging of Asian options: quasi-explicit solutions via Malliavin calculus," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 74(1), pages 93-120, August.
    13. repec:dau:papers:123456789/5374 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Benhamou, Eric, 2000. "A generalisation of Malliavin weighted scheme for fast computation of the Greeks," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 119105, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    15. Eric Benhamou, 2000. "A Generalisation of Malliavin Weighted Scheme for Fast Computation of the Greeks," FMG Discussion Papers dp350, Financial Markets Group.
    16. Lucia Caramellino & Giorgio Ferrari & Roberta Piersimoni, 2011. "Power Series Representations for European Option Prices under Stochastic Volatility Models," Papers 1105.0068, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2011.
    17. Alessandra Cretarola & Gianna Fig`a-Talamanca, 2017. "A confidence-based model for asset and derivative prices in the BitCoin market," Papers 1702.00215, arXiv.org.
    18. Cruz Báez, Domingo Israel & González Rodríguez, José Manuel, 2008. "Valoración de opciones. Un enfoque diferente," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 26, pages 341-362, Abril.
    19. Mele, Antonio, 2004. "General properties of rational stock-market fluctuations," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 24701, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    20. Hatem Ben-Ameur & Michèle Breton & Pierre L'Ecuyer, 2002. "A Dynamic Programming Procedure for Pricing American-Style Asian Options," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(5), pages 625-643, May.
    21. E. Benhamou, 2001. "Fast Fourier Transform for discrete Asian Options," Computing in Economics and Finance 2001 6, Society for Computational Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:5:y:2008:i:3:p:162-171. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.