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Social networks as the context for understanding employment services utilization among homeless youth

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  • Barman-Adhikari, Anamika
  • Rice, Eric

Abstract

Little is known about the factors associated with use of employment services among homeless youth. Social network characteristics have been known to be influential in motivating people's decision to seek services. Traditional theoretical frameworks applied to studies of service use emphasize individual factors over social contexts and interactions. Using key social network, social capital, and social influence theories, this paper developed an integrated theoretical framework that capture the social network processes that act as barriers or facilitators of use of employment services by homeless youth, and understand empirically, the salience of each of these constructs in influencing the use of employment services among homeless youth. We used the “Event based-approach” strategy to recruit a sample of 136 homeless youth at one drop-in agency serving homeless youth in Los Angeles, California in 2008. The participants were queried regarding their individual and network characteristics. Data were entered into NetDraw 2.090 and the spring embedder routine was used to generate the network visualizations. Logistic regression was used to assess the influence of the network characteristics on use of employment services. The study findings suggest that social capital is more significant in understanding why homeless youth use employment services, relative to network structure and network influence. In particular, bonding and bridging social capital were found to have differential effects on use of employment services among this population. The results from this study provide specific directions for interventions aimed to increase use of employment services among homeless youth.

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  • Barman-Adhikari, Anamika & Rice, Eric, 2014. "Social networks as the context for understanding employment services utilization among homeless youth," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 90-101.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:epplan:v:45:y:2014:i:c:p:90-101
    DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2014.03.005
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    1. Narendorf, Sarah Carter & Bowen, Elizabeth & Santa Maria, Diane & Thibaudeau, Eva, 2018. "Risk and resilience among young adults experiencing homelessness: A typology for service planning," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 157-165.
    2. Ha, Yoonsook & Narendorf, Sarah C. & Santa Maria, Diane & Bezette-Flores, Noel, 2015. "Barriers and facilitators to shelter utilization among homeless young adults," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 25-33.
    3. Narendorf, Sarah C. & Brydon, Daphne M. & Santa Maria, Diane & Bender, Kimberly & Ferguson, Kristin M. & Hsu, Hsun-Ta & Barman-Adhikari, Anamika & Shelton, Jama & Petering, Robin, 2020. "System involvement among young adults experiencing homelessness: Characteristics of four system-involved subgroups and relationship to risk outcomes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. DiGuiseppi, Graham & Clomax, Adriane & Rampton Dodge, Jessica & Rice, Eric, 2021. "Social network correlates of education and employment service use among youth experiencing homelessness: A longitudinal study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    5. Yoonsook, Ha & Thomas, Margaret M.C. & Narendorf, Sarah Carter & Maria, Diane Santa, 2018. "Correlates of shelter use among young adults experiencing homelessness," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 477-484.
    6. Jennings, Larissa & Shore, Deborah & Strohminger, Nancy & Allison, Burgundi, 2015. "Entrepreneurial development for U.S. minority homeless and unstably housed youth: A qualitative inquiry on value, barriers, and impact on health," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 39-47.
    7. Napoleon, Jenilee-Sarah & Evans, David W. & Weva, Vanessa K. & Francois, Tamarah & Namdari, Reyhane & Sherman, Jessica & Rimada, Camila M. & Morisseau, Nancy & Lafontant, Emmanuel & Miller, Sydney & B, 2023. "Rethinking narratives about youth experiencing homelessness: Exploring essential relationships and resilience," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    8. Blakeslee, Jennifer E., 2015. "Measuring the support networks of transition-age foster youth: Preliminary validation of a social network assessment for research and practice," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 123-134.
    9. DeChants, Jonah P. & Shelton, Jama & Anyon, Yolanda & Bender, Kimberly, 2022. "“I just want to move forward”: Themes of resilience among LGBTQ young adults experiencing family rejection and housing insecurity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    10. Ferguson, Kristin M. & Bender, Kimberly & Thompson, Sanna J., 2015. "Gender, coping strategies, homelessness stressors, and income generation among homeless young adults in three cities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 47-55.

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