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Influence of building heat distribution temperatures on the energy performance and sizing of 5th generation district heating and cooling networks

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  • Maccarini, Alessandro
  • Sotnikov, Artem
  • Sommer, Tobias
  • Wetter, Michael
  • Sulzer, Matthias
  • Afshari, Alireza

Abstract

This paper investigates the energy performance and sizing criteria of 5th generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) networks as a function of the heat distribution temperature in the building systems connected to the district network. An energy simulation model of a 5GDHC network was developed in Modelica for a case study located in Denmark. Calculations were carried out for four different building heating systems. Simulation results show that reducing the heat distribution temperatures from 70 °C to 23 °C leads to around 40% annual electric energy savings (from 10.4 kWh/m2 to 6.2 kWh/m2) for the operation of the heat pumps. Heat distribution temperatures of 23 °C cause higher water mass flow rates through the network, leading to annual electric energy consumption for the circulation pumps that are almost doubled (from 0.16 kWh/m2 to 0.3 kWh/m2) compared to the reference case at 70 °C. Furthermore, the paper discusses how the results obtained from the Danish case study can be generalized and applied to other cases using a simplified mathematical approach. It is found that about 1.5% of electric energy savings can be achieved for each temperature degree reduction in the heat distribution system.

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  • Maccarini, Alessandro & Sotnikov, Artem & Sommer, Tobias & Wetter, Michael & Sulzer, Matthias & Afshari, Alireza, 2023. "Influence of building heat distribution temperatures on the energy performance and sizing of 5th generation district heating and cooling networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:275:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223008514
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127457
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    2. Sulzer, Matthias & Wetter, Michael & Mutschler, Robin & Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto, 2023. "Platform-based design for energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).

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