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The potential for electricity conservation and peak load reduction in the residential sector of Brazil

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  • Almeida, Mauro Araujo
  • Schaeffer, Roberto
  • La Rovere, Emilio Lèbre

Abstract

This paper summarizes the methodological approach and the results of a study aimed at assessing the potential for electricity conservation and peak load reduction in the Brazilian residential sector. The study splits the residential sector into 15 subsectors, considering five different geographical regions and three household income classes. Technical, economic and market potentials are determined both for electrical energy conservation and peak load reduction in the period from 2000 to 2020. The main findings show an electricity conservation technical potential for the residential sector of 28%, an economic potential of 14% and market potentials of 12% and 8%. The corresponding results found for the peak load reduction in 2020 were a technical potential of 21%, an economic potential of 4% and market potentials of 3% and 2%, with the large reduction in percentage savings for peak demand in the economic and market scenarios explained in particular by the omission of solar water heating from those scenarios. Finally, carbon dioxide emission reductions associated with the electricity conservation potentials and peak load reductions are also estimated.

Suggested Citation

  • Almeida, Mauro Araujo & Schaeffer, Roberto & La Rovere, Emilio Lèbre, 2001. "The potential for electricity conservation and peak load reduction in the residential sector of Brazil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 26(4), pages 413-429.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:26:y:2001:i:4:p:413-429
    DOI: 10.1016/S0360-5442(00)00071-2
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    2. Saidur, R. & Masjuki, H.H. & Jamaluddin, M.Y. & Ahmed, S., 2007. "Energy and associated greenhouse gas emissions from household appliances in Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1648-1657, March.
    3. Geller, Howard & Schaeffer, Roberto & Szklo, Alexandre & Tolmasquim, Mauricio, 2004. "Policies for advancing energy efficiency and renewable energy use in Brazil," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(12), pages 1437-1450, August.
    4. Naspolini, Helena F. & Rüther, Ricardo, 2016. "The effect of measurement time resolution on the peak time power demand reduction potential of domestic solar hot water systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 325-332.
    5. Khalil, Helioui & Cohen, Claude & Salem Szklo, Alexandre, 2006. "How to use the clean development mechanism in the residential sector? The case of Brazilian refrigerators," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(15), pages 2150-2160, October.
    6. Hultman, Nathan E. & Pulver, Simone & Guimarães, Leticia & Deshmukh, Ranjit & Kane, Jennifer, 2012. "Carbon market risks and rewards: Firm perceptions of CDM investment decisions in Brazil and India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 90-102.
    7. Ghisi, Enedir & Gosch, Samuel & Lamberts, Roberto, 2007. "Electricity end-uses in the residential sector of Brazil," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 4107-4120, August.
    8. Camargo Nogueira, Carlos Eduardo & Vidotto, Magno Luiz & Toniazzo, Fernando & Debastiani, Gilson, 2016. "Software for designing solar water heating systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 361-375.
    9. Szklo, Alexandre Salem & Schaeffer, Roberto & Edgar Schuller, Marcio & Chandler, William, 2005. "Brazilian energy policies side-effects on CO2 emissions reduction," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 349-364, February.
    10. Kievani, Ramin. & Tah, Joseph H.M. & Kurul, Esra. & Habanda, Henry., 2010. "Green jobs creation through sustainable refurbishment in the developing countries," ILO Working Papers 994576813402676, International Labour Organization.
    11. Donglan, Zha & Dequn, Zhou & Peng, Zhou, 2010. "Driving forces of residential CO2 emissions in urban and rural China: An index decomposition analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(7), pages 3377-3383, July.
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    13. Lund, Henrik, 2005. "Large-scale integration of wind power into different energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(13), pages 2402-2412.
    14. Lund, H & Münster, E, 2003. "Modelling of energy systems with a high percentage of CHP and wind power," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(14), pages 2179-2193.
    15. Lund, Henrik & Clark, Woodrow W., 2002. "Management of fluctuations in wind power and CHP comparing two possible Danish strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(5), pages 471-483.

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