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Evaluation of oil yield from Jordanian oil shales

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  • Jaber, J.O.
  • Probert, S.D.
  • Williams, P.T.

Abstract

In this paper, the influences of particle size, grade and pyrolysis temperature on the oil yield have been evaluated in a laboratory scale reactor. Five categories of particle sizes from two different oil shale samples were pyrolyzed by employing a fixed bed retorting system. The reactor and the oil shale sample were heated at a constant rate and nitrogen gas was used to purge the sample, continuously, in order to remove the pyrolysis products from the reactor as well as to reduce secondary reactions. The liquid products were condensed and collected in a series of cold glass-traps and the off-gases analysed for their hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon species. Subsequent experiments were carried out, employing a thermogravimetric analyser, using only the four smallest particle sizes under similar conditions as applied to the fixed bed retort. The activation energy was determined by using the integral method. The pyrolysis of the investigated shales was found to comply with first-order kinetics within the limits of experimental error. Increasing the particle size resulted in a small rise in the liquid oil yield, but simultaneously the total gaseous production was decreased.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaber, J.O. & Probert, S.D. & Williams, P.T., 1999. "Evaluation of oil yield from Jordanian oil shales," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 24(9), pages 761-781.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:24:y:1999:i:9:p:761-781
    DOI: 10.1016/S0360-5442(99)00029-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jaber, J. O. & Probert, S. D., 1997. "Exploitation of Jordanian oil-shales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(2-3), pages 161-175, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Al-Harahsheh, Adnan & Al-Otoom, Awni Y. & Shawabkeh, Reyad A., 2005. "Sulfur distribution in the oil fractions obtained by thermal cracking of Jordanian El-Lajjun oil Shale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(15), pages 2784-2795.
    2. Versan KOK, Mustafa, 2011. "Thermo-oxidative characterization and kinetics of tar sands," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 5338-5342.
    3. Han, Xiangxin & Niu, Mengting & Jiang, Xiumin, 2014. "Combined fluidized bed retorting and circulating fluidized bed combustion system of oil shale: 2. Energy and economic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 788-794.
    4. Han, X.X. & Jiang, X.M. & Cui, Z.G., 2009. "Studies of the effect of retorting factors on the yield of shale oil for a new comprehensive utilization technology of oil shale," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(11), pages 2381-2385, November.
    5. Hrayshat, Eyad S., 2007. "Analysis of renewable energy situation in Jordan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(8), pages 1873-1887, October.
    6. Hrayshat, Eyad S., 2005. "Wind availability and its potentials for electricity generation in Tafila, Jordan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 111-117, February.
    7. Wang, Sha & Jiang, Xiumin & Han, Xiangxin & Tong, Jianhui, 2012. "Investigation of Chinese oil shale resources comprehensive utilization performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 224-232.
    8. Saif, Tarik & Lin, Qingyang & Butcher, Alan R. & Bijeljic, Branko & Blunt, Martin J., 2017. "Multi-scale multi-dimensional microstructure imaging of oil shale pyrolysis using X-ray micro-tomography, automated ultra-high resolution SEM, MAPS Mineralogy and FIB-SEM," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 628-647.
    9. Mu, Mao & Han, Xiangxin & Jiang, Xiumin, 2018. "Combined fluidized bed retorting and circulating fluidized bed combustion system of oil shale: 3. Exergy analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 930-939.
    10. Hrayshat, Eyad S. & Al-Soud, Mohammed S., 2004. "Solar energy in Jordan: current state and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 193-200, April.
    11. Jaber, J. O. & Al-Sarkhi, A. & Akash, B. A. & Mohsen, M. S., 2004. "Medium-range planning economics of future electrical-power generation options," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 357-366, February.
    12. Gunde, Akshay C. & Bera, Bijoyendra & Mitra, Sushanta K., 2010. "Investigation of water and CO2 (carbon dioxide) flooding using micro-CT (micro-computed tomography) images of Berea sandstone core using finite element simulations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 5209-5216.

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