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Shallow geothermal energy potential for heating and cooling of buildings with regeneration under climate change scenarios

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  • Walch, Alina
  • Li, Xiang
  • Chambers, Jonathan
  • Mohajeri, Nahid
  • Yilmaz, Selin
  • Patel, Martin
  • Scartezzini, Jean-Louis

Abstract

Shallow ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) are a promising technology for contributing to the decarbonisation of the energy sector. In heating-dominated climates, the combined use of GSHPs for both heating and cooling increases their technical potential, defined as the maximum energy that can be exchanged with the ground, as the re-injection of excess heat from space cooling leads to a seasonal regeneration of the ground. This paper proposes a new approach to quantify the technical potential of GSHPs, accounting for effects of seasonal regeneration, and to estimate the useful energy to supply building energy demands at regional scale. The useful energy is obtained for direct heat exchange and for district heating and cooling (DHC) under several scenarios for climate change and market penetration levels of cooling systems. The case study in western Switzerland suggests that seasonal regeneration allows for annual maximum heat extraction densities above 300 kWh/m2 at heat injection densities above 330 kWh/m2. Results also show that GSHPs may cover up to 63% of cooling and 55% of heating demand for individual GSHPs in 2050 in Switzerland, which increases to 87% and 85% if DHC is used. The regional-scale results may serve to inform decision making on strategic areas for installing GSHPs.

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  • Walch, Alina & Li, Xiang & Chambers, Jonathan & Mohajeri, Nahid & Yilmaz, Selin & Patel, Martin & Scartezzini, Jean-Louis, 2022. "Shallow geothermal energy potential for heating and cooling of buildings with regeneration under climate change scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:244:y:2022:i:pb:s0360544221033351
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.123086
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    2. Shaik, Saleem, 2024. "Contribution of climate change to sector-source energy demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    3. Kunning Yang & Takao Katsura & Shigeyuki Nagasaka & Katsunori Nagano, 2023. "Analyzing the Performance of Double Spiral Tube Ground Heat Exchangers in a Zero-Energy Building Using Measurement Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-25, October.
    4. Jiaqi Cao & Shiyu Zhou & Tao Wang & Baoqi Shan & Xueping Liu, 2023. "Research on a Variable Water Supply Temperature Strategy for a Ground-Source Heat Pump System Based on TRNSYS-GENOPT (TRNOPT) Optimization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-14, March.
    5. Zhang, Sheng & Liu, Jun & Zhang, Xia & Wang, Fenghao, 2024. "Properly shortening design time scale of medium-deep borehole heat exchanger for high building heating performances with high computational efficiency," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    6. Li, Xiang & Yilmaz, Selin & Patel, Martin K. & Chambers, Jonathan, 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of fifth-generation district heating and cooling combined with seasonal borehole thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    7. Samia Hamdane & Luís C. Pires & Pedro D. Gaspar & Pedro D. Silva, 2024. "Innovative Strategies for Thermal Energy Optimization and Renewable Energy Integration in Net-Zero-Energy Buildings: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-24, November.
    8. Mengting Jiang & Camilo Rindt & David M. J. Smeulders, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-38, September.
    9. Chen, Zhi & Lian, Xingwei & Tan, Jinjia & Xiao, Henglin & Ma, Qiang & Zhuang, Yan, 2023. "Study on heat-exchange efficiency and energy efficiency ratio of a deeply buried pipe energy pile group considering seepage and circulating-medium flow rate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    10. Sun, Wen & Feng, Li & Abed, Azher M. & Sharma, Aman & Arsalanloo, Akbar, 2022. "Thermoeconomic assessment of a renewable hybrid RO/PEM electrolyzer integrated with Kalina cycle and solar dryer unit using response surface methodology (RSM)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    11. Hu, Ziyuan & Gao, Zongjun & Xu, Xiqiang & Fang, Shaoyan & Zhou, Liangyu & Ji, Deshuai & Li, Fuquan & Feng, Jianguo & Wang, Min, 2022. "Suitability zoning of buried pipe ground source heat pump and shallow geothermal resource evaluation of Linqu County, Shandong Province, China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 1430-1439.

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