IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v203y2020ics0360544220309087.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exergetic performance of CO2 and ultra-low GWP refrigerant mixtures as working fluids in ORC for waste heat recovery

Author

Listed:
  • Braimakis, Konstantinos
  • Mikelis, Angelos
  • Charalampidis, Antonios
  • Karellas, Sotirios

Abstract

Environmental regulations target refrigerants with global warming potential (GWP) above 150. Meanwhile, zeotropic mixtures are proven to increase the exergetic efficiency of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs). The present study investigates the exergetic performance of binary mixtures of R32 and 8 ultra-low GWP fluids (n-pentane, NOVEC649, R1233zd, isobutane, R1234ze, R1234yf, propylene, and CO2) in standard and recuperative ORCs. The ORCs are optimized with respect to the molar concentrations of their components and evaporation pressure. The relative exergetic efficiency improvement of zeotropic (ZORCs) compared to pure fluid ORCs (PORCs) is negatively correlated with the heat source temperature and ranges from a maximum of 36.39% (at 100 °C) to less than 5% at temperatures above 200 °C. For each mixture, ZORCs are favorable over PORCs of their components for heat source temperatures primarily below and secondarily between the critical temperatures of their components, while the average relative performance improvement is about 30–50%. At increasing heat source temperatures, ZORCs operating with isobutane, NOVEC649, R1233zd and n-pentane are successively optimal. Although recuperative ZORCs are superior to standard ZORCs for dry mixtures of components with a large critical temperature difference at higher temperatures, standard cycles are ultimately superior considering the global optimization results.

Suggested Citation

  • Braimakis, Konstantinos & Mikelis, Angelos & Charalampidis, Antonios & Karellas, Sotirios, 2020. "Exergetic performance of CO2 and ultra-low GWP refrigerant mixtures as working fluids in ORC for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:203:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220309087
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117801
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544220309087
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117801?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Heberle, Florian & Preißinger, Markus & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2012. "Zeotropic mixtures as working fluids in Organic Rankine Cycles for low-enthalpy geothermal resources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 364-370.
    2. Maraver, Daniel & Royo, Javier & Lemort, Vincent & Quoilin, Sylvain, 2014. "Systematic optimization of subcritical and transcritical organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) constrained by technical parameters in multiple applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 11-29.
    3. Chys, M. & van den Broek, M. & Vanslambrouck, B. & De Paepe, M., 2012. "Potential of zeotropic mixtures as working fluids in organic Rankine cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 623-632.
    4. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Karellas, Sotirios, 2017. "Integrated thermoeconomic optimization of standard and regenerative ORC for different heat source types and capacities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 570-598.
    5. Yari, Mortaza, 2010. "Exergetic analysis of various types of geothermal power plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 112-121.
    6. Hung, T.C. & Wang, S.K. & Kuo, C.H. & Pei, B.S. & Tsai, K.F., 2010. "A study of organic working fluids on system efficiency of an ORC using low-grade energy sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1403-1411.
    7. Eller, Tim & Heberle, Florian & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2017. "Second law analysis of novel working fluid pairs for waste heat recovery by the Kalina cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 188-198.
    8. Shokati, Naser & Ranjbar, Faramarz & Yari, Mortaza, 2015. "Exergoeconomic analysis and optimization of basic, dual-pressure and dual-fluid ORCs and Kalina geothermal power plants: A comparative study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 527-542.
    9. Miao, Zheng & Zhang, Kai & Wang, Mengxiao & Xu, Jinliang, 2019. "Thermodynamic selection criteria of zeotropic mixtures for subcritical organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 484-497.
    10. Le, Van Long & Kheiri, Abdelhamid & Feidt, Michel & Pelloux-Prayer, Sandrine, 2014. "Thermodynamic and economic optimizations of a waste heat to power plant driven by a subcritical ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) using pure or zeotropic working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 622-638.
    11. Liu, Qiang & Shen, Aijing & Duan, Yuanyuan, 2015. "Parametric optimization and performance analyses of geothermal organic Rankine cycles using R600a/R601a mixtures as working fluids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 410-420.
    12. Bao, Junjiang & Zhao, Li, 2013. "A review of working fluid and expander selections for organic Rankine cycle," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 325-342.
    13. Yağlı, Hüseyin & Koç, Yıldız & Koç, Ali & Görgülü, Adnan & Tandiroğlu, Ahmet, 2016. "Parametric optimization and exergetic analysis comparison of subcritical and supercritical organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for biogas fuelled combined heat and power (CHP) engine exhaust gas waste heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 923-932.
    14. Ayachi, Fadhel & Boulawz Ksayer, Elias & Zoughaib, Assaad & Neveu, Pierre, 2014. "ORC optimization for medium grade heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 47-56.
    15. Satanphol, K. & Pridasawas, W. & Suphanit, B., 2017. "A study on optimal composition of zeotropic working fluid in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for low grade heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 326-339.
    16. Liu, Qiang & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen, 2014. "Effect of condensation temperature glide on the performance of organic Rankine cycles with zeotropic mixture working fluids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 394-404.
    17. Desai, Nishith B. & Bandyopadhyay, Santanu, 2009. "Process integration of organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 1674-1686.
    18. Lecompte, Steven & Huisseune, Henk & van den Broek, Martijn & Vanslambrouck, Bruno & De Paepe, Michel, 2015. "Review of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) architectures for waste heat recovery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 448-461.
    19. Schuster, A. & Karellas, S. & Aumann, R., 2010. "Efficiency optimization potential in supercritical Organic Rankine Cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 1033-1039.
    20. Bamorovat Abadi, Gholamreza & Kim, Kyung Chun, 2017. "Investigation of organic Rankine cycles with zeotropic mixtures as a working fluid: Advantages and issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1000-1013.
    21. Vivian, Jacopo & Manente, Giovanni & Lazzaretto, Andrea, 2015. "A general framework to select working fluid and configuration of ORCs for low-to-medium temperature heat sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 727-746.
    22. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Preißinger, Markus & Brüggemann, Dieter & Karellas, Sotirios & Panopoulos, Kyriakos, 2015. "Low grade waste heat recovery with subcritical and supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle based on natural refrigerants and their binary mixtures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 80-92.
    23. Zhang, H.G. & Wang, E.H. & Fan, B.Y., 2013. "A performance analysis of a novel system of a dual loop bottoming organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with a light-duty diesel engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 1504-1513.
    24. Feng, Yongqiang & Zhang, Yaning & Li, Bingxi & Yang, Jinfu & Shi, Yang, 2015. "Sensitivity analysis and thermoeconomic comparison of ORCs (organic Rankine cycles) for low temperature waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 664-677.
    25. Gnutek, Z & Bryszewska-Mazurek, A, 2001. "The thermodynamic analysis of multicycle ORC engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 26(12), pages 1075-1082.
    26. Yue, Chen & Han, Dong & Pu, Wenhao & He, Weifeng, 2015. "Thermal matching performance of a geothermal ORC system using zeotropic working fluids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 746-754.
    27. Shu, Gequn & Gao, Yuanyuan & Tian, Hua & Wei, Haiqiao & Liang, Xingyu, 2014. "Study of mixtures based on hydrocarbons used in ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) for engine waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 428-438.
    28. Aljundi, Isam H., 2011. "Effect of dry hydrocarbons and critical point temperature on the efficiencies of organic Rankine cycle," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1196-1202.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Qiang Liu & Ran Chen & Xinliu Yang & Xiao Xiao, 2023. "Thermodynamic Analyses of Sub- and Supercritical ORCs Using R1234yf, R236ea and Their Mixtures as Working Fluids for Geothermal Power Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Zhang, Yifan & Ren, Xiao & Duan, Xinyue & Gong, Liang & Hung, Tzu-Chen, 2024. "Strategy for the zeotropic organic rankine cycle operation to match the heat sink variation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    3. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Karellas, Sotirios, 2023. "Exergy efficiency potential of dual-phase expansion trilateral and partial evaporation ORC with zeotropic mixtures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    4. Wang, Enhua & Zhang, Mengru & Meng, Fanxiao & Zhang, Hongguang, 2022. "Zeotropic working fluid selection for an organic Rankine cycle bottoming with a marine engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    5. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Grispos, Victoras & Karellas, Sotirios, 2021. "Exergetic efficiency potential of double-stage ORCs with zeotropic mixtures of natural hydrocarbons and CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    6. Feili, Milad & Rostamzadeh, Hadi & Ghaebi, Hadi, 2022. "Thermo-mechanical energy level approach integrated with exergoeconomic optimization for realistic cost evaluation of a novel micro-CCHP system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 630-657.
    7. Lu, Pei & Chen, Kaihuang & Luo, Xianglong & Wu, Wei & Liang, Yingzong & Chen, Jianyong & Chen, Ying, 2024. "Experimental and simulation study on a zeotropic ORC system using R1234ze(E)/R245fa as working fluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    8. Huixing, Zhai & Lin, Shi & Qingsong, An & Suilin, Wang & Baolin, An, 2021. "Key parameter influence mechanism and optimal working fluid screening correlation for trans-critical organic Rankine cycle with open type heat sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    9. Pallis, Platon & Varvagiannis, Efstratios & Braimakis, Konstantinos & Roumpedakis, Tryfonas & Leontaritis, Aris - Dimitrios & Karellas, Sotirios, 2021. "Development, experimental testing and techno-economic assessment of a fully automated marine organic rankine cycle prototype for jacket cooling water heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    10. Zhang, Tao & Ma, Junhua & Zhou, Yanglin & Wang, Yongzhen & Chen, Qifang & Li, Xiaoping & Liu, Liuchen, 2021. "Thermo-economic analysis and optimization of ICE-ORC systems based on a splitter regulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    11. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S., 2021. "Is zeotropic working fluid a promising option for organic Rankine cycle: A quantitative evaluation based on literature data," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    12. Du, Yang & Liu, Tingting & Wang, Yaxiong & Chen, Kang & Zhao, Pan & Wang, Jiangfeng & Dai, Yiping, 2021. "Transient behavior investigation of a regenerative dual-evaporator organic Rankine cycle with different forms of disturbances: Towards coordinated feedback control realization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Grispos, Victoras & Karellas, Sotirios, 2021. "Exergetic efficiency potential of double-stage ORCs with zeotropic mixtures of natural hydrocarbons and CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    2. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S., 2021. "Is zeotropic working fluid a promising option for organic Rankine cycle: A quantitative evaluation based on literature data," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    3. Miao, Zheng & Zhang, Kai & Wang, Mengxiao & Xu, Jinliang, 2019. "Thermodynamic selection criteria of zeotropic mixtures for subcritical organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 484-497.
    4. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S. & Deng, Shuai, 2020. "Towards novel low temperature thermodynamic cycle: A critical review originated from organic Rankine cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    5. Li, Jian & Ge, Zhong & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen & Liu, Qiang, 2018. "Parametric optimization and thermodynamic performance comparison of single-pressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 409-421.
    6. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Karellas, Sotirios, 2018. "Exergetic optimization of double stage Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 296-313.
    7. Feili, Milad & Rostamzadeh, Hadi & Ghaebi, Hadi, 2022. "Thermo-mechanical energy level approach integrated with exergoeconomic optimization for realistic cost evaluation of a novel micro-CCHP system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 630-657.
    8. Hoang, Anh Tuan, 2018. "Waste heat recovery from diesel engines based on Organic Rankine Cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 138-166.
    9. Bamorovat Abadi, Gholamreza & Kim, Kyung Chun, 2017. "Investigation of organic Rankine cycles with zeotropic mixtures as a working fluid: Advantages and issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1000-1013.
    10. Satanphol, K. & Pridasawas, W. & Suphanit, B., 2017. "A study on optimal composition of zeotropic working fluid in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for low grade heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 326-339.
    11. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Karellas, Sotirios, 2023. "Exergy efficiency potential of dual-phase expansion trilateral and partial evaporation ORC with zeotropic mixtures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    12. Lecompte, Steven & Huisseune, Henk & van den Broek, Martijn & Vanslambrouck, Bruno & De Paepe, Michel, 2015. "Review of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) architectures for waste heat recovery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 448-461.
    13. Imran, Muhammad & Usman, Muhammad & Park, Byung-Sik & Yang, Youngmin, 2016. "Comparative assessment of Organic Rankine Cycle integration for low temperature geothermal heat source applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 473-490.
    14. Feng, Yongqiang & Hung, TzuChen & Zhang, Yaning & Li, Bingxi & Yang, Jinfu & Shi, Yang, 2015. "Performance comparison of low-grade ORCs (organic Rankine cycles) using R245fa, pentane and their mixtures based on the thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization and decision makings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2018-2029.
    15. Steven Lecompte & Sanne Lemmens & Henk Huisseune & Martijn Van den Broek & Michel De Paepe, 2015. "Multi-Objective Thermo-Economic Optimization Strategy for ORCs Applied to Subcritical and Transcritical Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-28, April.
    16. Hærvig, J. & Sørensen, K. & Condra, T.J., 2016. "Guidelines for optimal selection of working fluid for an organic Rankine cycle in relation to waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 592-602.
    17. Wang, Enhua & Yu, Zhibin & Collings, Peter, 2017. "Dynamic control strategy of a distillation system for a composition-adjustable organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1038-1051.
    18. Markus Preißinger & Dieter Brüggemann, 2017. "Thermoeconomic Evaluation of Modular Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery over a Broad Range of Heat Source Temperatures and Capacities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-23, February.
    19. Braimakis, Konstantinos & Karellas, Sotirios, 2017. "Integrated thermoeconomic optimization of standard and regenerative ORC for different heat source types and capacities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 570-598.
    20. Lecompte, S. & Huisseune, H. & van den Broek, M. & De Paepe, M., 2015. "Methodical thermodynamic analysis and regression models of organic Rankine cycle architectures for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 60-76.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:203:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220309087. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.